mirror of https://github.com/hashicorp/consul
122 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
122 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
layout: "docs"
|
|
page_title: "Service Definition"
|
|
sidebar_current: "docs-agent-services"
|
|
description: |-
|
|
One of the main goals of service discovery is to provide a catalog of available services. To that end, the agent provides a simple service definition format to declare the availability of a service and to potentially associate it with a health check. A health check is considered to be application level if it associated with a service. A service is defined in a configuration file or added at runtime over the HTTP interface.
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Services
|
|
|
|
One of the main goals of service discovery is to provide a catalog of available
|
|
services. To that end, the agent provides a simple service definition format
|
|
to declare the availability of a service and to potentially associate it with
|
|
a health check. A health check is considered to be application level if it
|
|
associated with a service. A service is defined in a configuration file
|
|
or added at runtime over the HTTP interface.
|
|
|
|
## Service Definition
|
|
|
|
A service definition that is a script looks like:
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
{
|
|
"service": {
|
|
"name": "redis",
|
|
"tags": ["master"],
|
|
"address": "127.0.0.1",
|
|
"port": 8000,
|
|
"checks": [
|
|
{
|
|
"script": "/usr/local/bin/check_redis.py",
|
|
"interval": "10s"
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
A service definition must include a `name` and may optionally provide
|
|
an `id`, `tags`, `address`, `port`, and `check`. The `id` is set to the `name` if not
|
|
provided. It is required that all services have a unique ID per node, so if names
|
|
might conflict then unique IDs should be provided.
|
|
|
|
The `tags` property is a list of values that are opaque to Consul but can be used to
|
|
distinguish between "master" or "slave" nodes, different versions, or any other service
|
|
level labels.
|
|
|
|
The `address` field can be used to specify a service-specific IP address. By
|
|
default, the IP address of the agent is used, and this does not need to be provided.
|
|
The `port` field can be used as well to make a service-oriented architecture
|
|
simpler to configure; this way, the address and port of a service can
|
|
be discovered.
|
|
|
|
A service can have an associated health check. This is a powerful feature as
|
|
it allows a web balancer to gracefully remove failing nodes, a database
|
|
to replace a failed slave, etc. The health check is strongly integrated in
|
|
the DNS interface as well. If a service is failing its health check or a
|
|
node has any failing system-level check, the DNS interface will omit that
|
|
node from any service query.
|
|
|
|
The check must be of the script, HTTP, or TTL type. If it is a script type, `script`
|
|
and `interval` must be provided. If it is a HTTP type, `http` and
|
|
`interval` must be provided. If it is a TTL type, then only `ttl` must be
|
|
provided. The check name is automatically generated as
|
|
`service:<service-id>`. If there are multiple service checks registered, the
|
|
ID will be generated as `service:<service-id>:<num>` where `<num>` is an
|
|
incrementing number starting from `1`.
|
|
|
|
Note: there is more information about [checks here](/docs/agent/checks.html).
|
|
|
|
To configure a service, either provide it as a `-config-file` option to the
|
|
agent or place it inside the `-config-dir` of the agent. The file must
|
|
end in the ".json" extension to be loaded by Consul. Check definitions can
|
|
also be updated by sending a `SIGHUP` to the agent. Alternatively, the
|
|
service can be registered dynamically using the [HTTP API](/docs/agent/http.html).
|
|
|
|
## Multiple Service Definitions
|
|
|
|
Multiple services definitions can be provided at once using the `services`
|
|
(plural) key in your configuration file.
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
{
|
|
"services": [
|
|
{
|
|
"id": "red0",
|
|
"name": "redis",
|
|
"tags": [
|
|
"master"
|
|
],
|
|
"address": "127.0.0.1",
|
|
"port": 6000,
|
|
"checks": [
|
|
{
|
|
"script": "/bin/check_redis -p 6000",
|
|
"interval": "5s",
|
|
"ttl": "20s"
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"id": "red1",
|
|
"name": "redis",
|
|
"tags": [
|
|
"delayed",
|
|
"slave"
|
|
],
|
|
"address": "127.0.0.1",
|
|
"port": 7000,
|
|
"checks": [
|
|
{
|
|
"script": "/bin/check_redis -p 7000",
|
|
"interval": "30s",
|
|
"ttl": "60s"
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
},
|
|
...
|
|
]
|
|
}
|
|
```
|