consul/tlsutil/generate.go

// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0

package tlsutil

import (
	"bytes"
	"crypto"
	"crypto/ecdsa"
	"crypto/rand"
	"crypto/rsa"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"crypto/x509"
	"crypto/x509/pkix"
	"encoding/pem"
	"fmt"
	"math/big"
	"net"
	"time"

	"net/url"

	"github.com/hashicorp/consul/agent/connect"
)

// GenerateSerialNumber returns random bigint generated with crypto/rand
func GenerateSerialNumber() (*big.Int, error) {
	l := new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 128)
	s, err := rand.Int(rand.Reader, l)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return s, nil
}

// GeneratePrivateKey generates a new ecdsa private key
func GeneratePrivateKey() (crypto.Signer, string, error) {
	return connect.GeneratePrivateKey()
}

type CAOpts struct {
	Signer              crypto.Signer
	Serial              *big.Int
	ClusterID           string
	Days                int
	PermittedDNSDomains []string
	Domain              string
	Name                string
}

type CertOpts struct {
	Signer      crypto.Signer
	CA          string
	Serial      *big.Int
	Name        string
	Days        int
	DNSNames    []string
	IPAddresses []net.IP
	ExtKeyUsage []x509.ExtKeyUsage
	IsCA        bool
}

// GenerateCA generates a new CA for agent TLS (not to be confused with Connect TLS)
func GenerateCA(opts CAOpts) (string, string, error) {
	signer := opts.Signer
	var pk string
	if signer == nil {
		var err error
		signer, pk, err = GeneratePrivateKey()
		if err != nil {
			return "", "", err
		}
	}

	id, err := keyID(signer.Public())
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", err
	}

	sn := opts.Serial
	if sn == nil {
		var err error
		sn, err = GenerateSerialNumber()
		if err != nil {
			return "", "", err
		}
	}
	name := opts.Name
	if name == "" {
		name = fmt.Sprintf("Consul Agent CA %d", sn)
	}

	days := opts.Days
	if opts.Days == 0 {
		days = 365
	}

	var uris []*url.URL
	if opts.ClusterID != "" {
		spiffeID := connect.SpiffeIDSigning{ClusterID: opts.ClusterID, Domain: opts.Domain}
		uris = []*url.URL{spiffeID.URI()}
	}

	// Create the CA cert
	template := x509.Certificate{
		SerialNumber: sn,
		URIs:         uris,
		Subject: pkix.Name{
			Country:       []string{"US"},
			PostalCode:    []string{"94105"},
			Province:      []string{"CA"},
			Locality:      []string{"San Francisco"},
			StreetAddress: []string{"101 Second Street"},
			Organization:  []string{"HashiCorp Inc."},
			CommonName:    name,
		},
		BasicConstraintsValid: true,
		KeyUsage:              x509.KeyUsageCertSign | x509.KeyUsageCRLSign | x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature,
		IsCA:                  true,
		NotAfter:              time.Now().AddDate(0, 0, days),
		NotBefore:             time.Now(),
		AuthorityKeyId:        id,
		SubjectKeyId:          id,
	}

	if len(opts.PermittedDNSDomains) > 0 {
		template.PermittedDNSDomainsCritical = true
		template.PermittedDNSDomains = opts.PermittedDNSDomains
	}
	bs, err := x509.CreateCertificate(
		rand.Reader, &template, &template, signer.Public(), signer)
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("error generating CA certificate: %s", err)
	}

	var buf bytes.Buffer
	err = pem.Encode(&buf, &pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: bs})
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("error encoding private key: %s", err)
	}

	return buf.String(), pk, nil
}

// GenerateCert generates a new certificate for agent TLS (not to be confused with Connect TLS)
func GenerateCert(opts CertOpts) (string, string, error) {
	parent, err := parseCert(opts.CA)
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to parse CA: %w", err)
	}

	signee, pk, err := GeneratePrivateKey()
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to generate private key: %w", err)
	}

	id, err := keyID(signee.Public())
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get keyID from public key: %w", err)
	}

	sn := opts.Serial
	if sn == nil {
		var err error
		sn, err = GenerateSerialNumber()
		if err != nil {
			return "", "", err
		}
	}

	template := x509.Certificate{
		SerialNumber:          sn,
		Subject:               pkix.Name{CommonName: opts.Name},
		BasicConstraintsValid: true,
		KeyUsage:              x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature | x509.KeyUsageKeyEncipherment,
		ExtKeyUsage:           opts.ExtKeyUsage,
		IsCA:                  false,
		NotAfter:              time.Now().AddDate(0, 0, opts.Days),
		NotBefore:             time.Now(),
		SubjectKeyId:          id,
		DNSNames:              opts.DNSNames,
		IPAddresses:           opts.IPAddresses,
	}
	if opts.IsCA {
		template.IsCA = true
		template.KeyUsage = x509.KeyUsageCertSign | x509.KeyUsageCRLSign | x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature
	}

	bs, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, &template, parent, signee.Public(), opts.Signer)
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create certificate: %w", err)
	}

	var buf bytes.Buffer
	err = pem.Encode(&buf, &pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: bs})
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("error encoding private key: %s", err)
	}

	return buf.String(), pk, nil
}

// KeyId returns a x509 KeyId from the given signing key.
func keyID(raw interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
	switch raw.(type) {
	case *ecdsa.PublicKey:
	case *rsa.PublicKey:
	default:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid key type: %T", raw)
	}

	// This is not standard; RFC allows any unique identifier as long as they
	// match in subject/authority chains but suggests specific hashing of DER
	// bytes of public key including DER tags.
	bs, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(raw)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// String formatted
	kID := sha256.Sum256(bs)
	return kID[:], nil
}

func parseCert(pemValue string) (*x509.Certificate, error) {
	// The _ result below is not an error but the remaining PEM bytes.
	block, _ := pem.Decode([]byte(pemValue))
	if block == nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no PEM-encoded data found")
	}

	if block.Type != "CERTIFICATE" {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("first PEM-block should be CERTIFICATE type")
	}

	return x509.ParseCertificate(block.Bytes)
}

// ParseSigner parses a crypto.Signer from a PEM-encoded key. The private key
// is expected to be the first block in the PEM value.
func ParseSigner(pemValue string) (crypto.Signer, error) {
	return connect.ParseSigner(pemValue)
}

func Verify(caString, certString, dns string) error {
	roots := x509.NewCertPool()
	ok := roots.AppendCertsFromPEM([]byte(caString))
	if !ok {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse root certificate")
	}

	cert, err := parseCert(certString)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse certificate")
	}

	opts := x509.VerifyOptions{
		DNSName: fmt.Sprint(dns),
		Roots:   roots,
	}

	_, err = cert.Verify(opts)
	return err
}