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ConsulManager/docs/blackbox站点监控.md

6.9 KiB

Consul字段设计说明
  • 所有数据存在一个名为blackbox_exporter的Services项中每个监控目标为一个子Service。
  • 每个Service包含一个Tag会自动配置为meta中的module的值作为Prometheus自动发现的tags。
  • 每个Service使用Meta的kv保存监控目标的明细modulecompanyprojectenvnameinstance分别表示监控类型公司部门项目环境名称实例url
  • 前5个字段合并即为consul的serviceID作为唯一监控项标识
  • 建议监控类型字段:meta内的moduleblackbox-exporter配置中的modulePrometheus的job名使用同一命名。

配置Prometheus

基于Consul实现Prometheus的自动发现功能配置
  • 根据Consul每个service的tag来把监控目标关联到Prometheus的JOB。
  • 把Consul每个service的Meta的KV关联到Prometheus每个指标的标签。
  • 根据每个指标的标签来对监控目标分类,分组,方便管理维护。

以下配置的同一个job的job_namemoduletags使用同一命名关联jobmodule与consul的tags

参考配置2XX4XXTCP类型的监控注意JOB名称不要与已有的重复。

vi prometheus.yml
#####blackbox_exporter#####
  - job_name: 'http_2xx'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]
    consul_sd_configs:
      - server: 'x.x.x.x:8500'
        token: 'xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx'
        services: ['blackbox_exporter']
        tags: ['http_2xx']
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_instance"]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_company"]
        target_label: company
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_env"]
        target_label: env
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_name"]
        target_label: name
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_project"]
        target_label: project
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115
  - job_name: 'http_4xx'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_4xx]
    consul_sd_configs:
      - server: 'x.x.x.x:8500'
        token: 'xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx'
        services: ['blackbox_exporter']
        tags: ['http_4xx']
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_instance"]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_company"]
        target_label: company
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_env"]
        target_label: env
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_name"]
        target_label: name
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_project"]
        target_label: project
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115
  - job_name: 'tcp_connect'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [tcp_connect]
    consul_sd_configs:
      - server: 'x.x.x.x:8500'
        token: 'xxx-xxx-xxx-xxx'
        services: ['blackbox_exporter']
        tags: ['tcp_connect']
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_instance"]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_company"]
        target_label: company
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_env"]
        target_label: env
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_name"]
        target_label: name
      - source_labels: ["__meta_consul_service_metadata_project"]
        target_label: project
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115

配置Blackbox_Exporter

参考配置2XX4XXTCP类型的监控注意模块名称不要与已有的重复。

cat blackbox.yml
modules:
  http_2xx:
    prober: http
    http:
      valid_status_codes:
      - 200
      - 301
      - 302
      - 303
      no_follow_redirects: true
      preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
      ip_protocol_fallback: false

  http_4xx:
    prober: http
    http:
      valid_status_codes:
      - 401
      - 403
      - 404
      preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
      ip_protocol_fallback: false

  tcp_connect:
    prober: tcp

批量导入脚本

在units目录下instance.list中写入监控目标的信息JOB名称公司/部门项目环境名称实例url每行一个空格分隔。 注意前5个字段组合起来必须唯一作为一个监控项的ID。 修改units目录下导入脚本中的consul_token和consul_url保存后执行input.py即可导入所有监控目标到Consul并符合Prometheus的自动发现配置。

导入Blackbox Exporter Dashboard

  • 支持Grafana 8基于blackbox_exporter 0.19.0设计
  • 采用图表+曲线图方式展示TCPICMPHTTPS的服务状态各阶段请求延时HTTPS证书信息等
  • 优化展示效果,支持监控目标的分组、分类级联展示,多服务同时对比展示。
导入ID9965
详细URLhttps://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/9965

Prometheus 站点监控告警规则

- name: Domain
  rules:
  - alert: 站点可用性
    expr: probe_success == 0
    for: 1m
    labels:
      alertype: domain
      severity: critical
    annotations:
      description: "{{$labels.env}}_{{ $labels.name }}({{ $labels.project }}):站点无法访问\n> {{ $labels.instance }}"

  - alert: 站点1h可用性低于80%
    expr: sum_over_time(probe_success[1h])/count_over_time(probe_success[1h]) * 100 < 80
    for: 3m
    labels:
      alertype: domain
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      description: "{{$labels.env}}_{{ $labels.name }}({{ $labels.project }})站点1h可用性{{ $value | humanize }}%\n> {{ $labels.instance }}"

  - alert: 站点状态异常
    expr: (probe_success == 0 and probe_http_status_code > 499) or probe_http_status_code == 0
    for: 1m
    labels:
      alertype: domain
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      description: "{{$labels.env}}_{{ $labels.name }}({{ $labels.project }}):站点状态异常:{{$value}}\n> {{ $labels.instance }}"

  - alert: 站点耗时过高
    expr: probe_duration_seconds > 0.5
    for: 2m
    labels:
      alertype: domain
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      description: "{{$labels.env}}_{{ $labels.name }}({{ $labels.project }}):当前站点耗时:{{$value | humanize}}s\n> {{ $labels.instance }}"

  - alert: SSL证书有效期
    expr: (probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry-time()) / 3600 / 24 < 15
    for: 2m
    labels:
      alertype: domain
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      description: "{{$labels.env}}_{{ $labels.name }}({{ $labels.project }}):证书有效期剩余{{ $value | humanize }}天\n> {{ $labels.instance }}"