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Add Your Own Parallel Mode

Author: Shenggui Li, Yongbin Li

Prerequisite:

Introduction

To enable researchers and engineers to extend our system to other novel large-scale distributed training algorithm with less effort, we have decoupled various components in the training lifecycle. You can implement your own parallelism by simply inheriting from the base class.

The main components are:

ProcessGroupInitializer
GradientHandler
Schedule

This currently requires some code to the source code, thus we recommend that you install from source with the -e flag. -e flag makes the installation editable, thus, your code change will be reflected in your Python runtime. We will work on this to avoid change to source code in future releases.

Process Group Initializer

Parallelism is often managed by process groups where processes involved in the same parallel algorithm are placed in the same process group. For different parallel algorithms, different process groups need to be created. Colossal-AI provides a global context for users to easily manage their process groups. If you wish to add new process group, you can easily define a new class and set it in your configuration file. To define your own way of creating process groups, you can follow the steps below to create a new distributed initialization.

Add your parallel mode in colossalai.context.parallel_mode.ParallelMode.

class ParallelMode(Enum):
    GLOBAL = 'global'
    DATA = 'data'
    PIPELINE = 'pipe'
    ...

    NEW_MODE = 'new_mode'  # define your mode here

Create a ProcessGroupInitializer. You can refer to examples given in colossalai.context.dist_group_initializer. The first six arguments are fixed. ParallelContext will pass in these arguments for you. If you need to set other arguments, you can add it behind like the arg1, arg2 in the example below. Lastly, register your initializer to the registry by adding the decorator @DIST_GROUP_INITIALIZER.register_module.

# sample initializer class
@DIST_GROUP_INITIALIZER.register_module
class MyParallelInitializer(ProcessGroupInitializer):

    def __init__(self,
                rank: int,
                world_size: int,
                config: Config,
                data_parallel_size: int,
                pipeline_parallel_size: int,
                tensor_parallel_size: int,
                arg1,
                arg2):
        super().__init__(rank, world_size, config)
        self.arg1 = arg1
        self.arg2 = arg2
        # ... your variable init

    def init_parallel_groups(self):
        # initialize your process groups
        pass

Then, you can insert your new initializer to the current mode-to-initialize mapping in colossalai.constants.INITIALIZER_MAPPING. You can modify the file or insert new key-value pair dynamically.

colossalai.constants.INITIALIZER_MAPPING['new_mode'] = 'MyParallelInitializer'

Set your initializer in your config file. You can pass in your own arguments if there is any. This allows the ParallelContext to create your initializer and initialize your desired process groups.
```
parallel = dict(
    pipeline=dict(size=1),
    tensor=dict(size=x, mode='new_mode')  # this is where you enable your new parallel mode
)
```

Gradient Handler

Gradient handlers are objects which execute the all-reduce operations on parameters' gradients. As different all-reduce strategies may be executed for different kinds of parallelism, users can inherit colossalai.legacy.engine.gradient_handler.BaseGradientHandler to implement their strategies. Currently, the library uses the normal data parallel gradient handler which all-reduces the gradients across data parallel ranks. The data parallel gradient handler is added to the engine automatically if data parallel is detected. You can add your own gradient handler like below:

from colossalai.legacy.registry import GRADIENT_HANDLER
from colossalai.legacy.engine import BaseGradientHandler

@GRADIENT_HANDLER.register_module
class YourGradientHandler(BaseGradientHandler):

    def handle_gradient(self):
        do_something()

Afterwards, you can specify the gradient handler you want to use in your configuration file.

gradient_handlers = [
    dict(type='YourGradientHandler'),
]

Schedule

Schedule entails how to execute a forward and backward pass. Currently, Colossal-AI provides pipeline and non-pipeline schedules. If you want to modify how the forward and backward passes are executed, you can inherit colossalai.legacy.engine.schedule.BaseSchedule and implement the forward_back_step function.

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