github
/
the-art-of-command-line
mirror of https://github.com/jlevy/the-art-of-command-line
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Merge 91e0a0953d into 11d6244c67

pull/253/merge
René Ribaud 2015-09-23 02:27:10 +00:00
parent 11d6244c67 91e0a0953d
commit 53e73acb59
1 changed files with 8 additions and 3 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

11
README.md
View File

@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ Notes:
- Be familiar with Bash job management: `&`, **ctrl-z**, **ctrl-c**, `jobs`, `fg`, `bg`, `kill`, etc. - Be familiar with Bash job management: `&`, **ctrl-z**, **ctrl-c**, `jobs`, `fg`, `bg`, `kill`, etc.
- Know flow control management xon/xoff : ctrl-s, ctrl-q and shift-PageUp, shift-PageDown to navigate the console screen.
- Know `ssh`, and the basics of passwordless authentication, via `ssh-agent`, `ssh-add`, etc. - Know `ssh`, and the basics of passwordless authentication, via `ssh-agent`, `ssh-add`, etc.
- Basic file management: `ls` and `ls -l` (in particular, learn what every column in `ls -l` means), `less`, `head`, `tail` and `tail -f` (or even better, `less +F`), `ln` and `ln -s` (learn the differences and advantages of hard versus soft links), `chown`, `chmod`, `du` (for a quick summary of disk usage: `du -hs *`). For filesystem management, `df`, `mount`, `fdisk`, `mkfs`, `lsblk`. - Basic file management: `ls` and `ls -l` (in particular, learn what every column in `ls -l` means), `less`, `head`, `tail` and `tail -f` (or even better, `less +F`), `ln` and `ln -s` (learn the differences and advantages of hard versus soft links), `chown`, `chmod`, `du` (for a quick summary of disk usage: `du -hs *`). For filesystem management, `df`, `mount`, `fdisk`, `mkfs`, `lsblk`.
@ -74,7 +76,6 @@ Notes:
- In Bash, use **ctrl-w** to delete the last word, and **ctrl-u** to delete all the way back to the start of the line. Use **alt-b** and **alt-f** to move by word, **ctrl-a** to move cursor to beginning of line, **ctrl-e** to move cursor to end of line, **ctrl-k** to kill to the end of the line, **ctrl-l** to clear the screen. See `man readline` for all the default keybindings in Bash. There are a lot. For example **alt-.** cycles through previous arguments, and **alt-*** expands a glob. - In Bash, use **ctrl-w** to delete the last word, and **ctrl-u** to delete all the way back to the start of the line. Use **alt-b** and **alt-f** to move by word, **ctrl-a** to move cursor to beginning of line, **ctrl-e** to move cursor to end of line, **ctrl-k** to kill to the end of the line, **ctrl-l** to clear the screen. See `man readline` for all the default keybindings in Bash. There are a lot. For example **alt-.** cycles through previous arguments, and **alt-*** expands a glob.
- Alternatively, if you love vi-style key-bindings, use `set -o vi` (and `set -o emacs` to put it back). - Alternatively, if you love vi-style key-bindings, use `set -o vi` (and `set -o emacs` to put it back).
- For editing long commands, after setting your editor (for example `export EDITOR=vim`), **ctrl-x** **ctrl-e** will open the current command in an editor for multi-line editing. Or in vi style, **escape-v**. - For editing long commands, after setting your editor (for example `export EDITOR=vim`), **ctrl-x** **ctrl-e** will open the current command in an editor for multi-line editing. Or in vi style, **escape-v**.
@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ Notes:
- Use `man ascii` for a good ASCII table, with hex and decimal values. For general encoding info, `man unicode`, `man utf-8`, and `man latin1` are helpful. - Use `man ascii` for a good ASCII table, with hex and decimal values. For general encoding info, `man unicode`, `man utf-8`, and `man latin1` are helpful.
- Use `screen` or [`tmux`](https://tmux.github.io/) to multiplex the screen, especially useful on remote ssh sessions and to detach and re-attach to a session. A more minimal alternative for session persistence only is `dtach`. - Use `screen` or [`tmux`](https://tmux.github.io/) to multiplex the screen, especially useful on remote ssh sessions and to detach and re-attach to a session. A more minimal alternative for session persistence only is `dtach`. `byobu` can enhance screen or tmux providing more information and easier management.
- In ssh, knowing how to port tunnel with `-L` or `-D` (and occasionally `-R`) is useful, e.g. to access web sites from a remote server. - In ssh, knowing how to port tunnel with `-L` or `-D` (and occasionally `-R`) is useful, e.g. to access web sites from a remote server.
@ -177,7 +178,9 @@ Notes:
- For Markdown, HTML, and all kinds of document conversion, try [`pandoc`](http://pandoc.org/). - For Markdown, HTML, and all kinds of document conversion, try [`pandoc`](http://pandoc.org/).
- If you must handle XML, `xmlstarlet` is old but good. - If you must handle XML, `xmlstarlet` is old but good. `Xpath` can be used to query xml files.
- Handling, parsing sgml, html, `onsgmls` can be used.
- For JSON, use [`jq`](http://stedolan.github.io/jq/). - For JSON, use [`jq`](http://stedolan.github.io/jq/).
@ -193,6 +196,8 @@ Notes:
- Know about `tee` to copy from stdin to a file and also to stdout, as in `ls -al | tee file.txt`. - Know about `tee` to copy from stdin to a file and also to stdout, as in `ls -al | tee file.txt`.
- Know about `tr` to transpose characters. Very efficient to remove carriage return ('\n').
- Know that locale affects a lot of command line tools in subtle ways, including sorting order (collation) and performance. Most Linux installations will set `LANG` or other locale variables to a local setting like US English. But be aware sorting will change if you change locale. And know i18n routines can make sort or other commands run *many times* slower. In some situations (such as the set operations or uniqueness operations below) you can safely ignore slow i18n routines entirely and use traditional byte-based sort order, using `export LC_ALL=C`. - Know that locale affects a lot of command line tools in subtle ways, including sorting order (collation) and performance. Most Linux installations will set `LANG` or other locale variables to a local setting like US English. But be aware sorting will change if you change locale. And know i18n routines can make sort or other commands run *many times* slower. In some situations (such as the set operations or uniqueness operations below) you can safely ignore slow i18n routines entirely and use traditional byte-based sort order, using `export LC_ALL=C`.
- Know basic `awk` and `sed` for simple data munging. For example, summing all numbers in the third column of a text file: `awk '{ x += $3 } END { print x }'`. This is probably 3X faster and 3X shorter than equivalent Python. - Know basic `awk` and `sed` for simple data munging. For example, summing all numbers in the third column of a text file: `awk '{ x += $3 } END { print x }'`. This is probably 3X faster and 3X shorter than equivalent Python.