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prometheus/tsdb/index/index_test.go

701 lines
19 KiB

// Copyright 2017 The Prometheus Authors
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
package index
import (
"context"
"errors"
"fmt"
"hash/crc32"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"slices"
"sort"
"strconv"
"testing"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
"go.uber.org/goleak"
"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/labels"
"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/storage"
"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/chunkenc"
"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/chunks"
"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/encoding"
"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/util/testutil"
)
func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
goleak.VerifyTestMain(m)
}
type series struct {
l labels.Labels
chunks []chunks.Meta
}
type mockIndex struct {
series map[storage.SeriesRef]series
postings map[labels.Label][]storage.SeriesRef
symbols map[string]struct{}
}
func newMockIndex() mockIndex {
ix := mockIndex{
series: make(map[storage.SeriesRef]series),
postings: make(map[labels.Label][]storage.SeriesRef),
symbols: make(map[string]struct{}),
}
ix.postings[allPostingsKey] = []storage.SeriesRef{}
return ix
}
func (m mockIndex) Symbols() (map[string]struct{}, error) {
return m.symbols, nil
}
func (m mockIndex) AddSeries(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, chunks ...chunks.Meta) error {
if _, ok := m.series[ref]; ok {
return fmt.Errorf("series with reference %d already added", ref)
}
l.Range(func(lbl labels.Label) {
m.symbols[lbl.Name] = struct{}{}
m.symbols[lbl.Value] = struct{}{}
if _, ok := m.postings[lbl]; !ok {
m.postings[lbl] = []storage.SeriesRef{}
}
m.postings[lbl] = append(m.postings[lbl], ref)
})
m.postings[allPostingsKey] = append(m.postings[allPostingsKey], ref)
s := series{l: l}
// Actual chunk data is not stored in the index.
for _, c := range chunks {
c.Chunk = nil
s.chunks = append(s.chunks, c)
}
m.series[ref] = s
return nil
}
func (m mockIndex) Close() error {
return nil
}
func (m mockIndex) LabelValues(_ context.Context, name string) ([]string, error) {
values := []string{}
for l := range m.postings {
if l.Name == name {
values = append(values, l.Value)
}
}
return values, nil
}
func (m mockIndex) Postings(ctx context.Context, name string, values ...string) (Postings, error) {
p := []Postings{}
for _, value := range values {
l := labels.Label{Name: name, Value: value}
p = append(p, m.SortedPostings(NewListPostings(m.postings[l])))
}
return Merge(ctx, p...), nil
}
func (m mockIndex) SortedPostings(p Postings) Postings {
ep, err := ExpandPostings(p)
if err != nil {
return ErrPostings(fmt.Errorf("expand postings: %w", err))
}
sort.Slice(ep, func(i, j int) bool {
return labels.Compare(m.series[ep[i]].l, m.series[ep[j]].l) < 0
})
return NewListPostings(ep)
}
func (m mockIndex) Series(ref storage.SeriesRef, builder *labels.ScratchBuilder, chks *[]chunks.Meta) error {
s, ok := m.series[ref]
if !ok {
return errors.New("not found")
}
builder.Assign(s.l)
*chks = append((*chks)[:0], s.chunks...)
return nil
}
func TestIndexRW_Create_Open(t *testing.T) {
dir := t.TempDir()
fn := filepath.Join(dir, indexFilename)
// An empty index must still result in a readable file.
iw, err := NewWriter(context.Background(), fn)
require.NoError(t, err)
require.NoError(t, iw.Close())
ir, err := NewFileReader(fn, DecodePostingsRaw)
require.NoError(t, err)
require.NoError(t, ir.Close())
// Modify magic header must cause open to fail.
f, err := os.OpenFile(fn, os.O_WRONLY, 0o666)
require.NoError(t, err)
_, err = f.WriteAt([]byte{0, 0}, 0)
require.NoError(t, err)
f.Close()
_, err = NewFileReader(dir, DecodePostingsRaw)
require.Error(t, err)
}
func TestIndexRW_Postings(t *testing.T) {
ctx := context.Background()
var input indexWriterSeriesSlice
for i := 1; i < 5; i++ {
input = append(input, &indexWriterSeries{
labels: labels.FromStrings("a", "1", "b", strconv.Itoa(i)),
})
}
ir, fn, _ := createFileReader(ctx, t, input)
p, err := ir.Postings(ctx, "a", "1")
require.NoError(t, err)
var c []chunks.Meta
var builder labels.ScratchBuilder
for i := 0; p.Next(); i++ {
err := ir.Series(p.At(), &builder, &c)
require.NoError(t, err)
require.Empty(t, c)
testutil.RequireEqual(t, input[i].labels, builder.Labels())
}
require.NoError(t, p.Err())
// The label indices are no longer used, so test them by hand here.
labelValuesOffsets := map[string]uint64{}
d := encoding.NewDecbufAt(ir.b, int(ir.toc.LabelIndicesTable), castagnoliTable)
cnt := d.Be32()
for d.Err() == nil && d.Len() > 0 && cnt > 0 {
require.Equal(t, 1, d.Uvarint(), "Unexpected number of keys for label indices table")
lbl := d.UvarintStr()
off := d.Uvarint64()
labelValuesOffsets[lbl] = off
cnt--
}
require.NoError(t, d.Err())
labelIndices := map[string][]string{}
for lbl, off := range labelValuesOffsets {
d := encoding.NewDecbufAt(ir.b, int(off), castagnoliTable)
require.Equal(t, 1, d.Be32int(), "Unexpected number of label indices table names")
for i := d.Be32(); i > 0 && d.Err() == nil; i-- {
v, err := ir.lookupSymbol(ctx, d.Be32())
require.NoError(t, err)
labelIndices[lbl] = append(labelIndices[lbl], v)
}
require.NoError(t, d.Err())
}
require.Equal(t, map[string][]string{
"a": {"1"},
"b": {"1", "2", "3", "4"},
}, labelIndices)
t.Run("ShardedPostings()", func(t *testing.T) {
ir, err := NewFileReader(fn, DecodePostingsRaw)
require.NoError(t, err)
t.Cleanup(func() {
require.NoError(t, ir.Close())
})
// List all postings for a given label value. This is what we expect to get
// in output from all shards.
p, err = ir.Postings(ctx, "a", "1")
require.NoError(t, err)
var expected []storage.SeriesRef
for p.Next() {
expected = append(expected, p.At())
}
require.NoError(t, p.Err())
require.NotEmpty(t, expected)
// Query the same postings for each shard.
const shardCount = uint64(4)
actualShards := make(map[uint64][]storage.SeriesRef)
actualPostings := make([]storage.SeriesRef, 0, len(expected))
for shardIndex := uint64(0); shardIndex < shardCount; shardIndex++ {
p, err = ir.Postings(ctx, "a", "1")
require.NoError(t, err)
p = ir.ShardedPostings(p, shardIndex, shardCount)
for p.Next() {
ref := p.At()
actualShards[shardIndex] = append(actualShards[shardIndex], ref)
actualPostings = append(actualPostings, ref)
}
require.NoError(t, p.Err())
}
// We expect the postings merged out of shards is the exact same of the non sharded ones.
require.ElementsMatch(t, expected, actualPostings)
// We expect the series in each shard are the expected ones.
for shardIndex, ids := range actualShards {
for _, id := range ids {
var lbls labels.ScratchBuilder
require.NoError(t, ir.Series(id, &lbls, nil))
require.Equal(t, shardIndex, labels.StableHash(lbls.Labels())%shardCount)
}
}
})
}
func TestPostingsMany(t *testing.T) {
ctx := context.Background()
// Create a label in the index which has 999 values.
var input indexWriterSeriesSlice
for i := 1; i < 1000; i++ {
v := fmt.Sprintf("%03d", i)
input = append(input, &indexWriterSeries{
labels: labels.FromStrings("i", v, "foo", "bar"),
})
}
ir, _, symbols := createFileReader(ctx, t, input)
cases := []struct {
in []string
}{
// Simple cases, everything is present.
{in: []string{"002"}},
{in: []string{"031", "032", "033"}},
{in: []string{"032", "033"}},
{in: []string{"127", "128"}},
{in: []string{"127", "128", "129"}},
{in: []string{"127", "129"}},
{in: []string{"128", "129"}},
{in: []string{"998", "999"}},
{in: []string{"999"}},
// Before actual values.
{in: []string{"000"}},
{in: []string{"000", "001"}},
{in: []string{"000", "002"}},
// After actual values.
{in: []string{"999a"}},
{in: []string{"999", "999a"}},
{in: []string{"998", "999", "999a"}},
// In the middle of actual values.
{in: []string{"126a", "127", "128"}},
{in: []string{"127", "127a", "128"}},
{in: []string{"127", "127a", "128", "128a", "129"}},
{in: []string{"127", "128a", "129"}},
{in: []string{"128", "128a", "129"}},
{in: []string{"128", "129", "129a"}},
{in: []string{"126a", "126b", "127", "127a", "127b", "128", "128a", "128b", "129", "129a", "129b"}},
}
var builder labels.ScratchBuilder
for _, c := range cases {
it, err := ir.Postings(ctx, "i", c.in...)
require.NoError(t, err)
got := []string{}
var metas []chunks.Meta
for it.Next() {
require.NoError(t, ir.Series(it.At(), &builder, &metas))
got = append(got, builder.Labels().Get("i"))
}
require.NoError(t, it.Err())
exp := []string{}
for _, e := range c.in {
if _, ok := symbols[e]; ok && e != "l" {
exp = append(exp, e)
}
}
require.Equal(t, exp, got, fmt.Sprintf("input: %v", c.in))
}
}
func TestPersistence_index_e2e(t *testing.T) {
ctx := context.Background()
lbls, err := labels.ReadLabels(filepath.Join("..", "testdata", "20kseries.json"), 20000)
require.NoError(t, err)
// Sort labels as the index writer expects series in sorted order.
sort.Sort(labels.Slice(lbls))
var input indexWriterSeriesSlice
ref := uint64(0)
// Generate ChunkMetas for every label set.
for i, lset := range lbls {
var metas []chunks.Meta
for j := 0; j <= (i % 20); j++ {
ref++
metas = append(metas, chunks.Meta{
MinTime: int64(j * 10000),
MaxTime: int64((j+1)*10000) - 1,
Ref: chunks.ChunkRef(ref),
Chunk: chunkenc.NewXORChunk(),
})
}
input = append(input, &indexWriterSeries{
labels: lset,
chunks: metas,
})
}
ir, _, _ := createFileReader(ctx, t, input)
// Population procedure as done by compaction.
var (
postings = NewMemPostings()
values = map[string]map[string]struct{}{}
)
mi := newMockIndex()
for i, s := range input {
require.NoError(t, mi.AddSeries(storage.SeriesRef(i), s.labels, s.chunks...))
s.labels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
valset, ok := values[l.Name]
if !ok {
valset = map[string]struct{}{}
values[l.Name] = valset
}
valset[l.Value] = struct{}{}
})
postings.Add(storage.SeriesRef(i), s.labels)
}
for p := range mi.postings {
gotp, err := ir.Postings(ctx, p.Name, p.Value)
require.NoError(t, err)
expp, err := mi.Postings(ctx, p.Name, p.Value)
require.NoError(t, err)
var chks, expchks []chunks.Meta
var builder, eBuilder labels.ScratchBuilder
for gotp.Next() {
require.True(t, expp.Next())
ref := gotp.At()
err := ir.Series(ref, &builder, &chks)
require.NoError(t, err)
err = mi.Series(expp.At(), &eBuilder, &expchks)
require.NoError(t, err)
testutil.RequireEqual(t, eBuilder.Labels(), builder.Labels())
require.Equal(t, expchks, chks)
}
require.False(t, expp.Next(), "Expected no more postings for %q=%q", p.Name, p.Value)
require.NoError(t, gotp.Err())
}
labelPairs := map[string][]string{}
for l := range mi.postings {
labelPairs[l.Name] = append(labelPairs[l.Name], l.Value)
}
for k, v := range labelPairs {
sort.Strings(v)
res, err := ir.SortedLabelValues(ctx, k)
require.NoError(t, err)
require.Equal(t, len(v), len(res))
for i := 0; i < len(v); i++ {
require.Equal(t, v[i], res[i])
}
}
gotSymbols := []string{}
it := ir.Symbols()
for it.Next() {
gotSymbols = append(gotSymbols, it.At())
}
require.NoError(t, it.Err())
expSymbols := []string{}
for s := range mi.symbols {
expSymbols = append(expSymbols, s)
}
sort.Strings(expSymbols)
require.Equal(t, expSymbols, gotSymbols)
}
func TestWriter_ShouldReturnErrorOnSeriesWithDuplicatedLabelNames(t *testing.T) {
w, err := NewWriter(context.Background(), filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "index"))
require.NoError(t, err)
require.NoError(t, w.AddSymbol("__name__"))
require.NoError(t, w.AddSymbol("metric_1"))
require.NoError(t, w.AddSymbol("metric_2"))
require.NoError(t, w.AddSeries(0, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "metric_1", "__name__", "metric_2")))
err = w.Close()
require.Error(t, err)
require.ErrorContains(t, err, "corruption detected when writing postings to index")
}
func TestDecbufUvarintWithInvalidBuffer(t *testing.T) {
b := realByteSlice([]byte{0x81, 0x81, 0x81, 0x81, 0x81, 0x81})
db := encoding.NewDecbufUvarintAt(b, 0, castagnoliTable)
require.Error(t, db.Err())
}
func TestReaderWithInvalidBuffer(t *testing.T) {
b := realByteSlice([]byte{0x81, 0x81, 0x81, 0x81, 0x81, 0x81})
_, err := NewReader(b, DecodePostingsRaw)
require.Error(t, err)
}
// TestNewFileReaderErrorNoOpenFiles ensures that in case of an error no file remains open.
func TestNewFileReaderErrorNoOpenFiles(t *testing.T) {
dir := testutil.NewTemporaryDirectory("block", t)
idxName := filepath.Join(dir.Path(), "index")
err := os.WriteFile(idxName, []byte("corrupted contents"), 0o666)
require.NoError(t, err)
_, err = NewFileReader(idxName, DecodePostingsRaw)
require.Error(t, err)
// dir.Close will fail on Win if idxName fd is not closed on error path.
dir.Close()
}
func TestSymbols(t *testing.T) {
buf := encoding.Encbuf{}
// Add prefix to the buffer to simulate symbols as part of larger buffer.
buf.PutUvarintStr("something")
symbolsStart := buf.Len()
buf.PutBE32int(204) // Length of symbols table.
buf.PutBE32int(100) // Number of symbols.
for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
// i represents index in unicode characters table.
buf.PutUvarintStr(string(rune(i))) // Symbol.
}
checksum := crc32.Checksum(buf.Get()[symbolsStart+4:], castagnoliTable)
buf.PutBE32(checksum) // Check sum at the end.
s, err := NewSymbols(realByteSlice(buf.Get()), FormatV2, symbolsStart)
require.NoError(t, err)
// We store only 4 offsets to symbols.
require.Equal(t, 32, s.Size())
for i := 99; i >= 0; i-- {
s, err := s.Lookup(uint32(i))
require.NoError(t, err)
require.Equal(t, string(rune(i)), s)
}
_, err = s.Lookup(100)
require.Error(t, err)
for i := 99; i >= 0; i-- {
r, err := s.ReverseLookup(string(rune(i)))
require.NoError(t, err)
require.Equal(t, uint32(i), r)
}
_, err = s.ReverseLookup(string(rune(100)))
require.Error(t, err)
iter := s.Iter()
i := 0
for iter.Next() {
require.Equal(t, string(rune(i)), iter.At())
i++
}
require.NoError(t, iter.Err())
}
func BenchmarkReader_ShardedPostings(b *testing.B) {
const (
numSeries = 10000
numShards = 16
)
ctx := context.Background()
var input indexWriterSeriesSlice
for i := 1; i <= numSeries; i++ {
input = append(input, &indexWriterSeries{
labels: labels.FromStrings("const", fmt.Sprintf("%10d", 1), "unique", fmt.Sprintf("%10d", i)),
})
}
ir, _, _ := createFileReader(ctx, b, input)
b.ResetTimer()
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
allPostings, err := ir.Postings(ctx, "const", fmt.Sprintf("%10d", 1))
require.NoError(b, err)
ir.ShardedPostings(allPostings, uint64(n%numShards), numShards)
}
}
func TestDecoder_Postings_WrongInput(t *testing.T) {
d := encoding.Decbuf{B: []byte("the cake is a lie")}
_, _, err := (&Decoder{DecodePostings: DecodePostingsRaw}).DecodePostings(d)
require.Error(t, err)
}
func TestChunksRefOrdering(t *testing.T) {
dir := t.TempDir()
idx, err := NewWriter(context.Background(), filepath.Join(dir, "index"))
require.NoError(t, err)
require.NoError(t, idx.AddSymbol("1"))
require.NoError(t, idx.AddSymbol("2"))
require.NoError(t, idx.AddSymbol("__name__"))
c50 := chunks.Meta{Ref: 50}
c100 := chunks.Meta{Ref: 100}
c200 := chunks.Meta{Ref: 200}
require.NoError(t, idx.AddSeries(1, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "1"), c100))
require.EqualError(t, idx.AddSeries(2, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "2"), c50), "unsorted chunk reference: 50, previous: 100")
require.NoError(t, idx.AddSeries(2, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "2"), c200))
require.NoError(t, idx.Close())
}
func TestChunksTimeOrdering(t *testing.T) {
dir := t.TempDir()
idx, err := NewWriter(context.Background(), filepath.Join(dir, "index"))
require.NoError(t, err)
require.NoError(t, idx.AddSymbol("1"))
require.NoError(t, idx.AddSymbol("2"))
require.NoError(t, idx.AddSymbol("__name__"))
require.NoError(t, idx.AddSeries(1, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "1"),
chunks.Meta{Ref: 1, MinTime: 0, MaxTime: 10}, // Also checks that first chunk can have MinTime: 0.
chunks.Meta{Ref: 2, MinTime: 11, MaxTime: 20},
chunks.Meta{Ref: 3, MinTime: 21, MaxTime: 30},
))
require.EqualError(t, idx.AddSeries(1, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "2"),
chunks.Meta{Ref: 10, MinTime: 0, MaxTime: 10},
chunks.Meta{Ref: 20, MinTime: 10, MaxTime: 20},
), "chunk minT 10 is not higher than previous chunk maxT 10")
require.EqualError(t, idx.AddSeries(1, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "2"),
chunks.Meta{Ref: 10, MinTime: 100, MaxTime: 30},
), "chunk maxT 30 is less than minT 100")
require.NoError(t, idx.Close())
}
func TestReader_PostingsForLabelMatchingHonorsContextCancel(t *testing.T) {
const seriesCount = 1000
var input indexWriterSeriesSlice
for i := 1; i <= seriesCount; i++ {
input = append(input, &indexWriterSeries{
labels: labels.FromStrings("__name__", fmt.Sprintf("%4d", i)),
chunks: []chunks.Meta{
{Ref: 1, MinTime: 0, MaxTime: 10},
},
})
}
ir, _, _ := createFileReader(context.Background(), t, input)
failAfter := uint64(seriesCount / 2) // Fail after processing half of the series.
ctx := &testutil.MockContextErrAfter{FailAfter: failAfter}
p := ir.PostingsForLabelMatching(ctx, "__name__", func(string) bool {
return true
})
require.Error(t, p.Err())
require.Equal(t, failAfter, ctx.Count())
}
func TestReader_LabelNamesForHonorsContextCancel(t *testing.T) {
const seriesCount = 1000
var input indexWriterSeriesSlice
for i := 1; i <= seriesCount; i++ {
input = append(input, &indexWriterSeries{
labels: labels.FromStrings(labels.MetricName, fmt.Sprintf("%4d", i)),
chunks: []chunks.Meta{
{Ref: 1, MinTime: 0, MaxTime: 10},
},
})
}
ir, _, _ := createFileReader(context.Background(), t, input)
name, value := AllPostingsKey()
p, err := ir.Postings(context.Background(), name, value)
require.NoError(t, err)
// We check context cancellation every 128 iterations so 3 will fail after
// iterating 3 * 128 series.
failAfter := uint64(3)
ctx := &testutil.MockContextErrAfter{FailAfter: failAfter}
_, err = ir.LabelNamesFor(ctx, p)
require.Error(t, err)
require.Equal(t, failAfter, ctx.Count())
}
// createFileReader creates a temporary index file. It writes the provided input to this file.
// It returns a Reader for this file, the file's name, and the symbol map.
func createFileReader(ctx context.Context, tb testing.TB, input indexWriterSeriesSlice) (*Reader, string, map[string]struct{}) {
tb.Helper()
fn := filepath.Join(tb.TempDir(), indexFilename)
iw, err := NewWriter(ctx, fn)
require.NoError(tb, err)
symbols := map[string]struct{}{}
for _, s := range input {
s.labels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
symbols[l.Name] = struct{}{}
symbols[l.Value] = struct{}{}
})
}
syms := []string{}
for s := range symbols {
syms = append(syms, s)
}
slices.Sort(syms)
for _, s := range syms {
require.NoError(tb, iw.AddSymbol(s))
}
for i, s := range input {
require.NoError(tb, iw.AddSeries(storage.SeriesRef(i), s.labels, s.chunks...))
}
require.NoError(tb, iw.Close())
ir, err := NewFileReader(fn, DecodePostingsRaw)
require.NoError(tb, err)
tb.Cleanup(func() {
require.NoError(tb, ir.Close())
})
return ir, fn, symbols
}