k3s/vendor/k8s.io/legacy-cloud-providers/azure/azure_backoff.go

// +build !providerless

/*
Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package azure

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"strings"

	"github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/services/compute/mgmt/2019-07-01/compute"
	"github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/services/network/mgmt/2019-06-01/network"
	"github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest/to"

	v1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
	cloudprovider "k8s.io/cloud-provider"
	"k8s.io/klog"
)

const (
	// not active means the instance is under deleting from Azure VMSS.
	vmssVMNotActiveErrorMessage = "not an active Virtual Machine Scale Set VM instanceId"

	// operationCancledErrorMessage means the operation is canceled by another new operation.
	operationCancledErrorMessage = "canceledandsupersededduetoanotheroperation"
)

// RequestBackoff if backoff is disabled in cloud provider it
// returns a new Backoff object steps = 1
// This is to make sure that the requested command executes
// at least once
func (az *Cloud) RequestBackoff() (resourceRequestBackoff wait.Backoff) {
	if az.CloudProviderBackoff {
		return az.ResourceRequestBackoff
	}
	resourceRequestBackoff = wait.Backoff{
		Steps: 1,
	}
	return resourceRequestBackoff
}

// Event creates a event for the specified object.
func (az *Cloud) Event(obj runtime.Object, eventtype, reason, message string) {
	if obj != nil && reason != "" {
		az.eventRecorder.Event(obj, eventtype, reason, message)
	}
}

// GetVirtualMachineWithRetry invokes az.getVirtualMachine with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) GetVirtualMachineWithRetry(name types.NodeName) (compute.VirtualMachine, error) {
	var machine compute.VirtualMachine
	var retryErr error
	err := wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		machine, retryErr = az.getVirtualMachine(name)
		if retryErr == cloudprovider.InstanceNotFound {
			return true, cloudprovider.InstanceNotFound
		}
		if retryErr != nil {
			klog.Errorf("GetVirtualMachineWithRetry(%s): backoff failure, will retry, err=%v", name, retryErr)
			return false, nil
		}
		klog.V(2).Infof("GetVirtualMachineWithRetry(%s): backoff success", name)
		return true, nil
	})
	if err == wait.ErrWaitTimeout {
		err = retryErr
	}
	return machine, err
}

// ListVirtualMachinesWithRetry invokes az.VirtualMachinesClient.List with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) ListVirtualMachinesWithRetry(resourceGroup string) ([]compute.VirtualMachine, error) {
	allNodes := []compute.VirtualMachine{}
	err := wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		var retryErr error
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()
		allNodes, retryErr = az.VirtualMachinesClient.List(ctx, resourceGroup)
		if retryErr != nil {
			klog.Errorf("VirtualMachinesClient.List(%v) - backoff: failure, will retry,err=%v",
				resourceGroup,
				retryErr)
			return false, retryErr
		}
		klog.V(2).Infof("VirtualMachinesClient.List(%v) - backoff: success", resourceGroup)
		return true, nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return allNodes, err
}

// ListVirtualMachines invokes az.VirtualMachinesClient.List with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) ListVirtualMachines(resourceGroup string) ([]compute.VirtualMachine, error) {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		allNodes, err := az.VirtualMachinesClient.List(ctx, resourceGroup)
		if err != nil {
			klog.Errorf("VirtualMachinesClient.List(%v) failure with err=%v", resourceGroup, err)
			return nil, err
		}
		klog.V(2).Infof("VirtualMachinesClient.List(%v) success", resourceGroup)
		return allNodes, nil
	}

	return az.ListVirtualMachinesWithRetry(resourceGroup)
}

// getPrivateIPsForMachine is wrapper for optional backoff getting private ips
// list of a node by name
func (az *Cloud) getPrivateIPsForMachine(nodeName types.NodeName) ([]string, error) {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		return az.vmSet.GetPrivateIPsByNodeName(string(nodeName))
	}

	return az.getPrivateIPsForMachineWithRetry(nodeName)
}

func (az *Cloud) getPrivateIPsForMachineWithRetry(nodeName types.NodeName) ([]string, error) {
	var privateIPs []string
	err := wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		var retryErr error
		privateIPs, retryErr = az.vmSet.GetPrivateIPsByNodeName(string(nodeName))
		if retryErr != nil {
			// won't retry since the instance doesn't exist on Azure.
			if retryErr == cloudprovider.InstanceNotFound {
				return true, retryErr
			}
			klog.Errorf("GetPrivateIPsByNodeName(%s): backoff failure, will retry,err=%v", nodeName, retryErr)
			return false, nil
		}
		klog.V(3).Infof("GetPrivateIPsByNodeName(%s): backoff success", nodeName)
		return true, nil
	})
	return privateIPs, err
}

func (az *Cloud) getIPForMachine(nodeName types.NodeName) (string, string, error) {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		return az.vmSet.GetIPByNodeName(string(nodeName))
	}

	return az.GetIPForMachineWithRetry(nodeName)
}

// GetIPForMachineWithRetry invokes az.getIPForMachine with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) GetIPForMachineWithRetry(name types.NodeName) (string, string, error) {
	var ip, publicIP string
	err := wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		var retryErr error
		ip, publicIP, retryErr = az.vmSet.GetIPByNodeName(string(name))
		if retryErr != nil {
			klog.Errorf("GetIPForMachineWithRetry(%s): backoff failure, will retry,err=%v", name, retryErr)
			return false, nil
		}
		klog.V(3).Infof("GetIPForMachineWithRetry(%s): backoff success", name)
		return true, nil
	})
	return ip, publicIP, err
}

// CreateOrUpdateSecurityGroup invokes az.SecurityGroupsClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) CreateOrUpdateSecurityGroup(service *v1.Service, sg network.SecurityGroup) error {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.SecurityGroupsClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, az.ResourceGroup, *sg.Name, sg, to.String(sg.Etag))
		klog.V(10).Infof("SecurityGroupsClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s): end", *sg.Name)
		if err == nil {
			if isSuccessHTTPResponse(resp) {
				// Invalidate the cache right after updating
				az.nsgCache.Delete(*sg.Name)
			} else if resp != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("HTTP response %q", resp.Status)
			}
		}

		// Invalidate the cache because ETAG precondition mismatch.
		if resp != nil && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
			az.nsgCache.Delete(*sg.Name)
		}

		// Invalidate the cache because another new operation has canceled the current request.
		if err != nil && strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), operationCancledErrorMessage) {
			az.nsgCache.Delete(*sg.Name)
		}

		return err
	}

	return az.CreateOrUpdateSGWithRetry(service, sg)
}

// CreateOrUpdateSGWithRetry invokes az.SecurityGroupsClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) CreateOrUpdateSGWithRetry(service *v1.Service, sg network.SecurityGroup) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.SecurityGroupsClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, az.ResourceGroup, *sg.Name, sg, to.String(sg.Etag))
		klog.V(10).Infof("SecurityGroupsClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s): end", *sg.Name)
		done, retryError := az.processHTTPRetryResponse(service, "CreateOrUpdateSecurityGroup", resp, err)
		if done && err == nil {
			// Invalidate the cache right after updating
			az.nsgCache.Delete(*sg.Name)
		}

		// Invalidate the cache and abort backoff because ETAG precondition mismatch.
		if resp != nil && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
			az.nsgCache.Delete(*sg.Name)
			return true, err
		}

		// Invalidate the cache and abort backoff because another new operation has canceled the current request.
		if err != nil && strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), operationCancledErrorMessage) {
			az.nsgCache.Delete(*sg.Name)
			return true, err
		}

		return done, retryError
	})
}

// CreateOrUpdateLB invokes az.LoadBalancerClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) CreateOrUpdateLB(service *v1.Service, lb network.LoadBalancer) error {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		rgName := az.getLoadBalancerResourceGroup()
		resp, err := az.LoadBalancerClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, rgName, *lb.Name, lb, to.String(lb.Etag))
		klog.V(10).Infof("LoadBalancerClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s): end", *lb.Name)
		if err == nil {
			if isSuccessHTTPResponse(resp) {
				// Invalidate the cache right after updating
				az.lbCache.Delete(*lb.Name)
			} else if resp != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("HTTP response %q", resp.Status)
			}
		}

		// Invalidate the cache because ETAG precondition mismatch.
		if resp != nil && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
			az.lbCache.Delete(*lb.Name)
		}
		// Invalidate the cache because another new operation has canceled the current request.
		if err != nil && strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), operationCancledErrorMessage) {
			az.lbCache.Delete(*lb.Name)
		}
		return err
	}

	return az.createOrUpdateLBWithRetry(service, lb)
}

// createOrUpdateLBWithRetry invokes az.LoadBalancerClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) createOrUpdateLBWithRetry(service *v1.Service, lb network.LoadBalancer) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		rgName := az.getLoadBalancerResourceGroup()
		resp, err := az.LoadBalancerClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, rgName, *lb.Name, lb, to.String(lb.Etag))
		klog.V(10).Infof("LoadBalancerClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s): end", *lb.Name)
		done, retryError := az.processHTTPRetryResponse(service, "CreateOrUpdateLoadBalancer", resp, err)
		if done && err == nil {
			// Invalidate the cache right after updating
			az.lbCache.Delete(*lb.Name)
		}

		// Invalidate the cache and abort backoff because ETAG precondition mismatch.
		if resp != nil && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
			az.lbCache.Delete(*lb.Name)
			return true, err
		}
		// Invalidate the cache and abort backoff because another new operation has canceled the current request.
		if err != nil && strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), operationCancledErrorMessage) {
			az.lbCache.Delete(*lb.Name)
			return true, err
		}
		return done, retryError
	})
}

// ListLB invokes az.LoadBalancerClient.List with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) ListLB(service *v1.Service) ([]network.LoadBalancer, error) {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		rgName := az.getLoadBalancerResourceGroup()
		allLBs, err := az.LoadBalancerClient.List(ctx, rgName)
		if err != nil {
			az.Event(service, v1.EventTypeWarning, "ListLoadBalancers", err.Error())
			klog.Errorf("LoadBalancerClient.List(%v) failure with err=%v", rgName, err)
			return nil, err
		}
		klog.V(2).Infof("LoadBalancerClient.List(%v) success", az.ResourceGroup)
		return allLBs, nil
	}

	return az.listLBWithRetry(service)
}

// listLBWithRetry invokes az.LoadBalancerClient.List with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) listLBWithRetry(service *v1.Service) ([]network.LoadBalancer, error) {
	var allLBs []network.LoadBalancer

	err := wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		var retryErr error
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		rgName := az.getLoadBalancerResourceGroup()
		allLBs, retryErr = az.LoadBalancerClient.List(ctx, rgName)
		if retryErr != nil {
			az.Event(service, v1.EventTypeWarning, "ListLoadBalancers", retryErr.Error())
			klog.Errorf("LoadBalancerClient.List(%v) - backoff: failure, will retry,err=%v",
				rgName,
				retryErr)
			return false, retryErr
		}
		klog.V(2).Infof("LoadBalancerClient.List(%v) - backoff: success", az.ResourceGroup)
		return true, nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return allLBs, nil
}

// ListPIP list the PIP resources in the given resource group
func (az *Cloud) ListPIP(service *v1.Service, pipResourceGroup string) ([]network.PublicIPAddress, error) {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		allPIPs, err := az.PublicIPAddressesClient.List(ctx, pipResourceGroup)
		if err != nil {
			az.Event(service, v1.EventTypeWarning, "ListPublicIPs", err.Error())
			klog.Errorf("PublicIPAddressesClient.List(%v) failure with err=%v", pipResourceGroup, err)
			return nil, err
		}
		klog.V(2).Infof("PublicIPAddressesClient.List(%v) success", pipResourceGroup)
		return allPIPs, nil
	}

	return az.listPIPWithRetry(service, pipResourceGroup)
}

// listPIPWithRetry list the PIP resources in the given resource group
func (az *Cloud) listPIPWithRetry(service *v1.Service, pipResourceGroup string) ([]network.PublicIPAddress, error) {
	var allPIPs []network.PublicIPAddress

	err := wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		var retryErr error
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		allPIPs, retryErr = az.PublicIPAddressesClient.List(ctx, pipResourceGroup)
		if retryErr != nil {
			az.Event(service, v1.EventTypeWarning, "ListPublicIPs", retryErr.Error())
			klog.Errorf("PublicIPAddressesClient.List(%v) - backoff: failure, will retry,err=%v",
				pipResourceGroup,
				retryErr)
			return false, retryErr
		}
		klog.V(2).Infof("PublicIPAddressesClient.List(%v) - backoff: success", pipResourceGroup)
		return true, nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return allPIPs, nil
}

// CreateOrUpdatePIP invokes az.PublicIPAddressesClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) CreateOrUpdatePIP(service *v1.Service, pipResourceGroup string, pip network.PublicIPAddress) error {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.PublicIPAddressesClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, pipResourceGroup, *pip.Name, pip)
		klog.V(10).Infof("PublicIPAddressesClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s, %s): end", pipResourceGroup, *pip.Name)
		return az.processHTTPResponse(service, "CreateOrUpdatePublicIPAddress", resp, err)
	}

	return az.createOrUpdatePIPWithRetry(service, pipResourceGroup, pip)
}

// createOrUpdatePIPWithRetry invokes az.PublicIPAddressesClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) createOrUpdatePIPWithRetry(service *v1.Service, pipResourceGroup string, pip network.PublicIPAddress) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.PublicIPAddressesClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, pipResourceGroup, *pip.Name, pip)
		klog.V(10).Infof("PublicIPAddressesClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s, %s): end", pipResourceGroup, *pip.Name)
		return az.processHTTPRetryResponse(service, "CreateOrUpdatePublicIPAddress", resp, err)
	})
}

// CreateOrUpdateInterface invokes az.PublicIPAddressesClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) CreateOrUpdateInterface(service *v1.Service, nic network.Interface) error {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.InterfacesClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, az.ResourceGroup, *nic.Name, nic)
		klog.V(10).Infof("InterfacesClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s): end", *nic.Name)
		return az.processHTTPResponse(service, "CreateOrUpdateInterface", resp, err)
	}

	return az.createOrUpdateInterfaceWithRetry(service, nic)
}

// createOrUpdateInterfaceWithRetry invokes az.PublicIPAddressesClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) createOrUpdateInterfaceWithRetry(service *v1.Service, nic network.Interface) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.InterfacesClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, az.ResourceGroup, *nic.Name, nic)
		klog.V(10).Infof("InterfacesClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s): end", *nic.Name)
		return az.processHTTPRetryResponse(service, "CreateOrUpdateInterface", resp, err)
	})
}

// DeletePublicIP invokes az.PublicIPAddressesClient.Delete with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) DeletePublicIP(service *v1.Service, pipResourceGroup string, pipName string) error {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.PublicIPAddressesClient.Delete(ctx, pipResourceGroup, pipName)
		return az.processHTTPResponse(service, "DeletePublicIPAddress", resp, err)
	}

	return az.deletePublicIPWithRetry(service, pipResourceGroup, pipName)
}

// deletePublicIPWithRetry invokes az.PublicIPAddressesClient.Delete with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) deletePublicIPWithRetry(service *v1.Service, pipResourceGroup string, pipName string) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.PublicIPAddressesClient.Delete(ctx, pipResourceGroup, pipName)
		return az.processHTTPRetryResponse(service, "DeletePublicIPAddress", resp, err)
	})
}

// DeleteLB invokes az.LoadBalancerClient.Delete with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) DeleteLB(service *v1.Service, lbName string) error {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		rgName := az.getLoadBalancerResourceGroup()
		resp, err := az.LoadBalancerClient.Delete(ctx, rgName, lbName)
		if err == nil {
			if isSuccessHTTPResponse(resp) {
				// Invalidate the cache right after updating
				az.lbCache.Delete(lbName)
			} else if resp != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("HTTP response %q", resp.Status)
			}
		}
		return err
	}

	return az.deleteLBWithRetry(service, lbName)
}

// deleteLBWithRetry invokes az.LoadBalancerClient.Delete with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) deleteLBWithRetry(service *v1.Service, lbName string) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		rgName := az.getLoadBalancerResourceGroup()
		resp, err := az.LoadBalancerClient.Delete(ctx, rgName, lbName)
		done, err := az.processHTTPRetryResponse(service, "DeleteLoadBalancer", resp, err)
		if done && err == nil {
			// Invalidate the cache right after deleting
			az.lbCache.Delete(lbName)
		}
		return done, err
	})
}

// CreateOrUpdateRouteTable invokes az.RouteTablesClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) CreateOrUpdateRouteTable(routeTable network.RouteTable) error {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.RouteTablesClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, az.RouteTableResourceGroup, az.RouteTableName, routeTable, to.String(routeTable.Etag))
		if resp != nil && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
			az.rtCache.Delete(*routeTable.Name)
		}
		// Invalidate the cache because another new operation has canceled the current request.
		if err != nil && strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), operationCancledErrorMessage) {
			az.rtCache.Delete(*routeTable.Name)
		}
		return az.processHTTPResponse(nil, "", resp, err)
	}

	return az.createOrUpdateRouteTableWithRetry(routeTable)
}

// createOrUpdateRouteTableWithRetry invokes az.RouteTablesClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) createOrUpdateRouteTableWithRetry(routeTable network.RouteTable) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.RouteTablesClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, az.RouteTableResourceGroup, az.RouteTableName, routeTable, to.String(routeTable.Etag))
		done, retryError := az.processHTTPRetryResponse(nil, "", resp, err)
		if done && err == nil {
			az.rtCache.Delete(*routeTable.Name)
			return done, nil
		}

		// Invalidate the cache and abort backoff because ETAG precondition mismatch.
		if resp != nil && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
			az.rtCache.Delete(*routeTable.Name)
			return true, err
		}
		// Invalidate the cache and abort backoff because another new operation has canceled the current request.
		if err != nil && strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), operationCancledErrorMessage) {
			az.rtCache.Delete(*routeTable.Name)
			return true, err
		}
		return done, retryError
	})
}

// CreateOrUpdateRoute invokes az.RoutesClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) CreateOrUpdateRoute(route network.Route) error {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.RoutesClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, az.RouteTableResourceGroup, az.RouteTableName, *route.Name, route, to.String(route.Etag))
		klog.V(10).Infof("RoutesClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s): end", *route.Name)
		if resp != nil && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
			az.rtCache.Delete(az.RouteTableName)
		}
		// Invalidate the cache because another new operation has canceled the current request.
		if err != nil && strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), operationCancledErrorMessage) {
			az.rtCache.Delete(az.RouteTableName)
		}
		return az.processHTTPResponse(nil, "", resp, err)
	}

	return az.createOrUpdateRouteWithRetry(route)
}

// createOrUpdateRouteWithRetry invokes az.RoutesClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) createOrUpdateRouteWithRetry(route network.Route) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.RoutesClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, az.RouteTableResourceGroup, az.RouteTableName, *route.Name, route, to.String(route.Etag))
		klog.V(10).Infof("RoutesClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s): end", *route.Name)
		done, retryError := az.processHTTPRetryResponse(nil, "", resp, err)
		if done && err == nil {
			az.rtCache.Delete(az.RouteTableName)
			return done, nil
		}

		// Invalidate the cache and abort backoff because ETAG precondition mismatch.
		if resp != nil && resp.StatusCode == http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
			az.rtCache.Delete(az.RouteTableName)
			return true, err
		}

		// Invalidate the cache and abort backoff because another new operation has canceled the current request.
		if err != nil && strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), operationCancledErrorMessage) {
			az.rtCache.Delete(az.RouteTableName)
			return true, err
		}

		return done, retryError
	})
}

// DeleteRouteWithName invokes az.RoutesClient.CreateOrUpdate with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) DeleteRouteWithName(routeName string) error {
	if az.Config.shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.RoutesClient.Delete(ctx, az.RouteTableResourceGroup, az.RouteTableName, routeName)
		klog.V(10).Infof("RoutesClient.Delete(%s,%s): end", az.RouteTableName, routeName)
		return az.processHTTPResponse(nil, "", resp, err)
	}

	return az.deleteRouteWithRetry(routeName)
}

// deleteRouteWithRetry invokes az.RoutesClient.Delete with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) deleteRouteWithRetry(routeName string) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.RoutesClient.Delete(ctx, az.RouteTableResourceGroup, az.RouteTableName, routeName)
		klog.V(10).Infof("RoutesClient.Delete(%s,%s): end", az.RouteTableName, routeName)
		return az.processHTTPRetryResponse(nil, "", resp, err)
	})
}

// UpdateVmssVMWithRetry invokes az.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMsClient.Update with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) UpdateVmssVMWithRetry(resourceGroupName string, VMScaleSetName string, instanceID string, parameters compute.VirtualMachineScaleSetVM, source string) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		resp, err := az.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMsClient.Update(ctx, resourceGroupName, VMScaleSetName, instanceID, parameters, source)
		klog.V(10).Infof("UpdateVmssVMWithRetry: VirtualMachineScaleSetVMsClient.Update(%s,%s): end", VMScaleSetName, instanceID)

		if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), vmssVMNotActiveErrorMessage) {
			// When instances are under deleting, updating API would report "not an active Virtual Machine Scale Set VM instanceId" error.
			// Since they're under deleting, we shouldn't send more update requests for it.
			klog.V(3).Infof("UpdateVmssVMWithRetry: VirtualMachineScaleSetVMsClient.Update(%s,%s) gets error message %q, abort backoff because it's probably under deleting", VMScaleSetName, instanceID, vmssVMNotActiveErrorMessage)
			return true, nil
		}

		return az.processHTTPRetryResponse(nil, "", resp, err)
	})
}

// CreateOrUpdateVmssWithRetry invokes az.VirtualMachineScaleSetsClient.Update with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) CreateOrUpdateVmssWithRetry(resourceGroupName string, VMScaleSetName string, parameters compute.VirtualMachineScaleSet) error {
	return wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		// When vmss is being deleted, CreateOrUpdate API would report "the vmss is being deleted" error.
		// Since it is being deleted, we shouldn't send more CreateOrUpdate requests for it.
		klog.V(3).Infof("CreateOrUpdateVmssWithRetry: verify the status of the vmss being created or updated")
		vmss, err := az.VirtualMachineScaleSetsClient.Get(ctx, resourceGroupName, VMScaleSetName)
		if vmss.ProvisioningState != nil && strings.EqualFold(*vmss.ProvisioningState, virtualMachineScaleSetsDeallocating) {
			klog.V(3).Infof("CreateOrUpdateVmssWithRetry: found vmss %s being deleted, skipping", VMScaleSetName)
			return true, nil
		}

		resp, err := az.VirtualMachineScaleSetsClient.CreateOrUpdate(ctx, resourceGroupName, VMScaleSetName, parameters)
		klog.V(10).Infof("UpdateVmssVMWithRetry: VirtualMachineScaleSetsClient.CreateOrUpdate(%s): end", VMScaleSetName)

		return az.processHTTPRetryResponse(nil, "", resp, err)
	})
}

// GetScaleSetWithRetry gets scale set with exponential backoff retry
func (az *Cloud) GetScaleSetWithRetry(service *v1.Service, resourceGroupName, vmssName string) (compute.VirtualMachineScaleSet, error) {
	var result compute.VirtualMachineScaleSet
	var retryErr error

	err := wait.ExponentialBackoff(az.RequestBackoff(), func() (bool, error) {
		ctx, cancel := getContextWithCancel()
		defer cancel()

		result, retryErr = az.VirtualMachineScaleSetsClient.Get(ctx, resourceGroupName, vmssName)
		if retryErr != nil {
			az.Event(service, v1.EventTypeWarning, "GetVirtualMachineScaleSet", retryErr.Error())
			klog.Errorf("backoff: failure for scale set %q, will retry,err=%v", vmssName, retryErr)
			return false, nil
		}
		klog.V(4).Infof("backoff: success for scale set %q", vmssName)
		return true, nil
	})

	return result, err
}

// isSuccessHTTPResponse determines if the response from an HTTP request suggests success
func isSuccessHTTPResponse(resp *http.Response) bool {
	if resp == nil {
		return false
	}

	// HTTP 2xx suggests a successful response
	if 199 < resp.StatusCode && resp.StatusCode < 300 {
		return true
	}

	return false
}

func shouldRetryHTTPRequest(resp *http.Response, err error) bool {
	if resp != nil {
		// HTTP 412 (StatusPreconditionFailed) means etag mismatch, hence we shouldn't retry.
		if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
			return false
		}

		// HTTP 4xx (except 412) or 5xx suggests we should retry.
		if 399 < resp.StatusCode && resp.StatusCode < 600 {
			return true
		}
	}

	if err != nil {
		return true
	}

	return false
}

// processHTTPRetryResponse : return true means stop retry, false means continue retry
func (az *Cloud) processHTTPRetryResponse(service *v1.Service, reason string, resp *http.Response, err error) (bool, error) {
	if err == nil && resp != nil && isSuccessHTTPResponse(resp) {
		// HTTP 2xx suggests a successful response
		return true, nil
	}

	if shouldRetryHTTPRequest(resp, err) {
		if err != nil {
			az.Event(service, v1.EventTypeWarning, reason, err.Error())
			klog.Errorf("processHTTPRetryResponse: backoff failure, will retry, err=%v", err)
		} else {
			az.Event(service, v1.EventTypeWarning, reason, fmt.Sprintf("Azure HTTP response %d", resp.StatusCode))
			klog.Errorf("processHTTPRetryResponse: backoff failure, will retry, HTTP response=%d", resp.StatusCode)
		}

		// suppress the error object so that backoff process continues
		return false, nil
	}

	// Fall-through: stop periodic backoff
	return true, nil
}

func (az *Cloud) processHTTPResponse(service *v1.Service, reason string, resp *http.Response, err error) error {
	if err == nil && isSuccessHTTPResponse(resp) {
		// HTTP 2xx suggests a successful response
		return nil
	}

	if err != nil {
		az.Event(service, v1.EventTypeWarning, reason, err.Error())
		klog.Errorf("processHTTPRetryResponse failure with err: %v", err)
	} else if resp != nil {
		az.Event(service, v1.EventTypeWarning, reason, fmt.Sprintf("Azure HTTP response %d", resp.StatusCode))
		klog.Errorf("processHTTPRetryResponse failure with HTTP response %q", resp.Status)
	}

	return err
}

func (cfg *Config) shouldOmitCloudProviderBackoff() bool {
	return cfg.CloudProviderBackoffMode == backoffModeV2
}