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299 lines
8.4 KiB
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================================================================================ |
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How to develop for Fail2Ban |
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================================================================================ |
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Fail2Ban uses GIT (http://git-scm.com/) distributed source control. This gives |
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each developer their own complete copy of the entire repository. Developers can |
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add and switch branches and commit changes when ever they want and then ask a |
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maintainer to merge their changes. |
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Fail2Ban uses GitHub (https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban) to manage access to |
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the Git repository. GitHub provides free hosting for open-source projects as |
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well as a web-based Git repository browser and an issue tracker. |
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If you are familiar with Python and you have a bug fix or a feature that you |
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would like to add to Fail2Ban, the best way to do so it to use the GitHub Pull |
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Request feature. You can find more details on the Fail2Ban wiki |
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(http://www.fail2ban.org/wiki/index.php/Get_Involved) |
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Pull Requests |
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============= |
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When submitting pull requests on GitHub we ask you to: |
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* Clearly describe the problem you're solving; |
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* Don't introduce regressions that will make it hard for systems administrators |
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to update; |
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* If adding a major feature rebase your changes on master and get to a single commit; |
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* Include test cases (see below); |
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* Include sample logs (if relevant); |
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* Include a change to the relevant section of the ChangeLog; and |
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* Include yourself in THANKS if not already there. |
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If you are developing filters see the FILTERS file for documentation. |
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Code Testing |
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============ |
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Existing tests can be run by executing `bin/fail2ban-testcases`. It has |
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options like --log-level that will probably be useful. Run |
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`bin/fail2ban-testcases --help` for the full list of options. |
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Test cases should cover all usual cases, all exception cases and all inside |
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/ outside boundary conditions. |
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Test cases should cover all branches. The coverage tool will help identify |
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missing branches. Also see http://nedbatchelder.com/code/coverage/branch.html |
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for more details. |
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Install the package python-coverage to visualise your test coverage. Run the |
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following (note: on Debian-based systems, the script is called |
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`python-coverage`):: |
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coverage run bin/fail2ban-testcases |
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coverage report |
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Optionally: |
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coverage html |
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And then browse htmlcov/index.html and see how much coverage your test cases |
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exert over the code base. Full coverage is a good thing however it may not be |
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complete. Try to ensure tests cover as many independent paths through the |
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code. |
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Manual Execution. To run in a development environment do:: |
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./fail2ban-client -c config/ -s /tmp/f2b.sock -i start |
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some quick commands:: |
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status |
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add test pyinotify |
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status test |
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set test addaction iptables |
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set test actionban iptables echo <ip> <cidr> >> /tmp/ban |
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set test actionunban iptables echo <ip> <cidr> >> /tmp/unban |
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get test actionban iptables |
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get test actionunban iptables |
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set test banip 192.168.2.2 |
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status test |
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Testing with vagrant |
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-------------------- |
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Testing can now be done inside a vagrant VM. Vagrantfile provided in |
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source code repository established two VMs: |
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- VM "secure" which can be used for testing fail2ban code. |
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- VM "attacker" which can be used to perform attack against our "secure" VM. |
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Both VMs are sharing the 192.168.200/24 network. If you are using this network |
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take a look into the Vagrantfile and change the IP. |
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Coding Standards |
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================ |
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Style |
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----- |
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Please use tabs for now. Keep to 80 columns, at least for readable text. |
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Tests |
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----- |
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Add tests. They should test all the code you add in a meaning way. |
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Coverage |
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-------- |
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Test coverage should always increase as you add code. |
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You may use "# pragma: no cover" in the code for branches of code that support |
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older versions on python. For all other uses of "pragma: no cover" or |
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"pragma: no branch" document the reason why its not covered. "I haven't written |
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a test case" isn't a sufficient reason. |
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pyflakes |
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-------- |
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pyflakes can be used to find unused imports, and unused, undefined and |
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redefined variables. pyflakes should be run in any python code, including |
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python based actions:: |
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pyflakes bin/ config/ fail2ban/ |
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Documentation |
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------------- |
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Ensure this documentation is up to date after changes. Also ensure that the man |
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pages still are accurate. Ensure that there is sufficient documentation for |
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your new features to be used. |
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Bugs |
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---- |
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Remove them and don't add any more. |
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Git |
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--- |
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Use the following tags in your commit messages: |
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* 'BF:' for bug fixes |
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* 'DOC:' for documentation fixes |
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* 'ENH:' for enhancements |
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* 'TST:' for commits concerning tests only (thus not touching the main code-base) |
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Multiple tags could be joined with +, e.g. "BF+TST:". |
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Use the text "closes #333"/"resolves #333 "/"fixes #333" where 333 represents |
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an issue that is closed. Other text and details in link below. |
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See: https://help.github.com/articles/closing-issues-via-commit-messages |
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If merge resulted in conflicts, clarify what changes were done to |
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corresponding files in the 'Conflicts:' section of the merge commit |
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message. See e.g. https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban/commit/f5a8a8ac |
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Adding Actions |
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-------------- |
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If you add an action.d/*.conf file also add a example in config/jail.conf |
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with enabled=false and maxretry=5 for ssh. |
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Design |
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====== |
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Fail2Ban was initially developed with Python 2.3 (IIRC). It should |
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still be compatible with Python 2.4 and such compatibility assurance |
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makes code ... old-fashioned in many places (RF-Note). In 0.7 the |
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design went through major re-factoring into client/server, |
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a-thread-per-jail design which made it a bit difficult to follow. |
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Below you can find a sketchy description of the main components of the |
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system to orient yourself better. |
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server/ |
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------ |
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Core classes hierarchy (feel welcome to draw a better/more complete |
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one):: |
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-> inheritance |
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+ delegation |
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* storage of multiple instances |
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RF-Note just a note which might be useful to address while doing RF |
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JailThread -> Filter -> FileFilter -> {FilterPoll, FilterPyinotify, ...} |
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| * FileContainer |
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+ FailManager |
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+ DateDetector |
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+ Jail (provided in __init__) which contains this Filter |
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(used for passing tickets from FailManager to Jail's __queue) |
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Server |
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+ Jails |
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* Jail |
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+ Filter (in __filter) |
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* tickets (in __queue) |
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+ Actions (in __action) |
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* Action |
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+ BanManager |
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failmanager.py |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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FailManager |
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Keeps track of failures, recorded as 'tickets'. All operations are |
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done via acquiring a lock |
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FailManagerEmpty(Exception) |
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raised by FailManager.toBan after reaching the list of tickets |
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(RF-Note: asks to become a generator ;) ) |
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filter.py |
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~~~~~~~~~~ |
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Filter(JailThread) |
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Wraps (non-threaded) FailManager (and proxies to it quite a bit), |
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and provides all primary logic for processing new lines, what IPs to |
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ignore, etc |
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.failManager [FailManager] |
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.dateDetector [DateDetector] |
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.__failRegex [list] |
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.__ignoreRegex [list] |
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Contains regular expressions for failures and ignores |
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.__findTime [numeric] |
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Used in `processLineAndAdd` to skip old lines |
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FileFilter(Filter): |
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Files-aware Filter |
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.__logPath [list] |
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keeps the tracked files (added 1-by-1 using addLogPath) |
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stored as FileContainer's |
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.getFailures |
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actually just returns |
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True |
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if managed to open and get lines (until empty) |
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False |
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if failed to open or absent container matching the filename |
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FileContainer |
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Adapter for a file to deal with log rotation. |
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.open,.close,.readline |
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RF-Note: readline returns "" with handler absent... shouldn't it be None? |
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.__pos |
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Keeps the position pointer |
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ipdns.py |
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~~~~~~~~ |
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DNSUtils |
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Utility class for DNS handling |
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IPAddr |
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Object-class for IP address handling |
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filter*.py |
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~~~~~~~~~~ |
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Implementations of FileFilter's for specific backends. Derived |
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classes should provide an implementation of `run` and usually |
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override `addLogPath`, `delLogPath` methods. In run() method they all |
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one way or another provide |
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try: |
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while True: |
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ticket = self.failManager.toBan() |
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self.jail.putFailTicket(ticket) |
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except FailManagerEmpty: |
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self.failManager.cleanup(MyTime.time()) |
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thus channelling "ban tickets" from their failManager to the |
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corresponding jail. |
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action.py |
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~~~~~~~~~ |
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Takes care about executing start/check/ban/unban/stop commands |
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