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296 lines
8.4 KiB
296 lines
8.4 KiB
.. __ _ _ ___ _
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/ _|__ _(_) |_ ) |__ __ _ _ _
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| _/ _` | | |/ /| '_ \/ _` | ' \
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================================================================================
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How to develop for Fail2Ban
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================================================================================
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Fail2Ban uses GIT (http://git-scm.com/) distributed source control. This gives
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each developer their own complete copy of the entire repository. Developers can
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add and switch branches and commit changes when ever they want and then ask a
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maintainer to merge their changes.
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Fail2Ban uses GitHub (https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban) to manage access to
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the Git repository. GitHub provides free hosting for open-source projects as
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well as a web-based Git repository browser and an issue tracker.
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If you are familiar with Python and you have a bug fix or a feature that you
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would like to add to Fail2Ban, the best way to do so it to use the GitHub Pull
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Request feature. You can find more details on the Fail2Ban wiki
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(http://www.fail2ban.org/wiki/index.php/Get_Involved)
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Pull Requests
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=============
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When submitting pull requests on GitHub we ask you to:
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* Clearly describe the problem you're solving;
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* Don't introduce regressions that will make it hard for systems administrators
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to update;
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* If adding a major feature rebase your changes on master and get to a single commit;
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* Include test cases (see below);
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* Include sample logs (if relevant);
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* Include a change to the relevant section of the ChangeLog; and
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* Include yourself in THANKS if not already there.
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If you are developing filters see the FILTERS file for documentation.
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Code Testing
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============
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Existing tests can be run by executing `bin/fail2ban-testcases`. It has
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options like --log-level that will probably be useful. Run
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`bin/fail2ban-testcases --help` for the full list of options.
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Test cases should cover all usual cases, all exception cases and all inside
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/ outside boundary conditions.
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Test cases should cover all branches. The coverage tool will help identify
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missing branches. Also see http://nedbatchelder.com/code/coverage/branch.html
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for more details.
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Install the package python-coverage to visualise your test coverage. Run the
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following (note: on Debian-based systems, the script is called
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`python-coverage`)::
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coverage run bin/fail2ban-testcases
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coverage report
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Optionally:
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coverage html
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And then browse htmlcov/index.html and see how much coverage your test cases
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exert over the code base. Full coverage is a good thing however it may not be
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complete. Try to ensure tests cover as many independent paths through the
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code.
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Manual Execution. To run in a development environment do::
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./fail2ban-client -c config/ -s /tmp/f2b.sock -i start
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some quick commands::
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status
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add test pyinotify
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status test
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set test addaction iptables
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set test actionban iptables echo <ip> <cidr> >> /tmp/ban
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set test actionunban iptables echo <ip> <cidr> >> /tmp/unban
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get test actionban iptables
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get test actionunban iptables
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set test banip 192.168.2.2
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status test
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Testing with vagrant
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--------------------
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Testing can now be done inside a vagrant VM. Vagrantfile provided in
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source code repository established two VMs:
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- VM "secure" which can be used for testing fail2ban code.
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- VM "attacker" which can be used to perform attack against our "secure" VM.
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Both VMs are sharing the 192.168.200/24 network. If you are using this network
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take a look into the Vagrantfile and change the IP.
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Coding Standards
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================
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Style
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-----
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Please use tabs for now. Keep to 80 columns, at least for readable text.
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Tests
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-----
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Add tests. They should test all the code you add in a meaning way.
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Coverage
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--------
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Test coverage should always increase as you add code.
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You may use "# pragma: no cover" in the code for branches of code that support
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older versions on python. For all other uses of "pragma: no cover" or
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"pragma: no branch" document the reason why its not covered. "I haven't written
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a test case" isn't a sufficient reason.
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pyflakes
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--------
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pyflakes can be used to find unused imports, and unused, undefined and
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redefined variables. pyflakes should be run in any python code, including
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python based actions::
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pyflakes bin/ config/ fail2ban/
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Documentation
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-------------
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Ensure this documentation is up to date after changes. Also ensure that the man
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pages still are accurate. Ensure that there is sufficient documentation for
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your new features to be used.
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Bugs
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----
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Remove them and don't add any more.
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Git
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---
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Use the following tags in your commit messages:
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* 'BF:' for bug fixes
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* 'DOC:' for documentation fixes
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* 'ENH:' for enhancements
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* 'TST:' for commits concerning tests only (thus not touching the main code-base)
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Multiple tags could be joined with +, e.g. "BF+TST:".
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Use the text "closes #333"/"resolves #333 "/"fixes #333" where 333 represents
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an issue that is closed. Other text and details in link below.
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See: https://help.github.com/articles/closing-issues-via-commit-messages
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If merge resulted in conflicts, clarify what changes were done to
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corresponding files in the 'Conflicts:' section of the merge commit
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message. See e.g. https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban/commit/f5a8a8ac
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Adding Actions
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--------------
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If you add an action.d/*.conf file also add a example in config/jail.conf
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with enabled=false and maxretry=5 for ssh.
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Design
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======
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Fail2Ban was initially developed with Python 2.3 (IIRC). It should
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still be compatible with Python 2.4 and such compatibility assurance
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makes code ... old-fashioned in many places (RF-Note). In 0.7 the
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design went through major re-factoring into client/server,
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a-thread-per-jail design which made it a bit difficult to follow.
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Below you can find a sketchy description of the main components of the
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system to orient yourself better.
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server/
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------
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Core classes hierarchy (feel welcome to draw a better/more complete
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one)::
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-> inheritance
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+ delegation
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* storage of multiple instances
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RF-Note just a note which might be useful to address while doing RF
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JailThread -> Filter -> FileFilter -> {FilterPoll, FilterPyinotify, ...}
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| * FileContainer
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+ FailManager
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+ DateDetector
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+ Jail (provided in __init__) which contains this Filter
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(used for passing tickets from FailManager to Jail's __queue)
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Server
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+ Jails
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* Jail
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+ Filter (in __filter)
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* tickets (in __queue)
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+ Actions (in __action)
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* Action
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+ BanManager
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failmanager.py
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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FailManager
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Keeps track of failures, recorded as 'tickets'. All operations are
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done via acquiring a lock
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FailManagerEmpty(Exception)
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raised by FailManager.toBan after reaching the list of tickets
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(RF-Note: asks to become a generator ;) )
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filter.py
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~~~~~~~~~~
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Filter(JailThread)
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Wraps (non-threaded) FailManager (and proxies to it quite a bit),
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and provides all primary logic for processing new lines, what IPs to
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ignore, etc
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.failManager [FailManager]
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.dateDetector [DateDetector]
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.__failRegex [list]
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.__ignoreRegex [list]
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Contains regular expressions for failures and ignores
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.__findTime [numeric]
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Used in `processLineAndAdd` to skip old lines
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FileFilter(Filter):
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Files-aware Filter
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.__logPath [list]
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keeps the tracked files (added 1-by-1 using addLogPath)
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stored as FileContainer's
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.getFailures
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actually just returns
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True
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if managed to open and get lines (until empty)
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False
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if failed to open or absent container matching the filename
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FileContainer
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Adapter for a file to deal with log rotation.
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.open,.close,.readline
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RF-Note: readline returns "" with handler absent... shouldn't it be None?
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.__pos
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Keeps the position pointer
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dnsutils.py
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~~~~~~~~~~~
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DNSUtils
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Utility class for DNS and IP handling
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filter*.py
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~~~~~~~~~~
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Implementations of FileFilter's for specific backends. Derived
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classes should provide an implementation of `run` and usually
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override `addLogPath`, `delLogPath` methods. In run() method they all
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one way or another provide
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try:
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while True:
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ticket = self.failManager.toBan()
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self.jail.putFailTicket(ticket)
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except FailManagerEmpty:
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self.failManager.cleanup(MyTime.time())
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thus channelling "ban tickets" from their failManager to the
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corresponding jail.
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action.py
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~~~~~~~~~
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Takes care about executing start/check/ban/unban/stop commands
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