Merge branch '0.11'

ChangeLog

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ ver. 1.0.1-dev-1 (20??/??/??) - development nightly edition
 * `action.d/cloudflare.conf`: fixed `actionunban` (considering new-line chars and optionally real json-parsing
    with `jq`, gh-2140, gh-2656)
 * `action.d/nftables.conf` (type=multiport only): fixed port range selector, replacing `:` with `-` (gh-2763)
+* `action.d/firewallcmd-*.conf` (multiport only): fixed port range selector, replacing `:` with `-` (gh-2821)
 * `filter.d/common.conf`: avoid substitute of default values in related `lt_*` section, `__prefix_line`
   should be interpolated in definition section (inside the filter-config, gh-2650)
 * `filter.d/courier-smtp.conf`: prefregex extended to consider port in log-message (gh-2697)
@@ -46,6 +47,12 @@ ver. 1.0.1-dev-1 (20??/??/??) - development nightly edition
 * `filter.d/sshd.conf`: normalizing of user pattern in all RE's, allowing empty user (gh-2749)
 
 ### New Features and Enhancements
+* fail2ban-regex:
+  - speedup formatted output (bypass unneeded stats creation)
+  - extended with prefregex statistic
+  - more informative output for `datepattern` (e. g. set from filter) - pattern : description
+* parsing of action in jail-configs considers space between action-names as separator also
+  (previously only new-line was allowed), for example `action = a b` would specify 2 actions `a` and `b`
 * new filter and jail for GitLab recognizing failed application logins (gh-2689)
 * `filter.d/guacamole.conf` extended with `logging` parameter to follow webapp-logging if it's configured (gh-2631)
 * introduced new prefix `{UNB}` for `datepattern` to disable word boundaries in regex;

config/action.d/abuseipdb.conf

@@ -21,14 +21,13 @@
 #
 # Example, for ssh bruteforce (in section [sshd] of `jail.local`): 
 #   action = %(known/action)s
-#            %(action_abuseipdb)s[abuseipdb_apikey="my-api-key", abuseipdb_category="18,22"]
+#            abuseipdb[abuseipdb_apikey="my-api-key", abuseipdb_category="18,22"]
 #
-# See below for catagories.
+# See below for categories.
 #
-# Original Ref: https://wiki.shaunc.com/wikka.php?wakka=ReportingToAbuseIPDBWithFail2Ban
 # Added to fail2ban by Andrew James Collett (ajcollett)
 
-## abuseIPDB Catagories, `the abuseipdb_category` MUST be set in the jail.conf action call.
+## abuseIPDB Categories, `the abuseipdb_category` MUST be set in the jail.conf action call.
 # Example, for ssh bruteforce: action = %(action_abuseipdb)s[abuseipdb_category="18,22"]
 # ID	Title	Description
 # 3	  Fraud Orders

config/action.d/firewallcmd-ipset.conf

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ allports = -p <protocol>
 # Option: multiport
 # Notes.: addition to block access only to specific ports
 # Usage.: use in jail config:  banaction = firewallcmd-ipset[actiontype=<multiport>]
-multiport = -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports <port>
+multiport = -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports "$(echo '<port>' | sed s/:/-/g)"
 
 ipmset = f2b-<name>
 familyopt =

config/action.d/firewallcmd-multiport.conf

@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ before = firewallcmd-common.conf
 
 actionstart = firewall-cmd --direct --add-chain <family> filter f2b-<name>
               firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule <family> filter f2b-<name> 1000 -j RETURN
-              firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule <family> filter <chain> 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports <port> -j f2b-<name>
+              firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule <family> filter <chain> 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports "$(echo '<port>' | sed s/:/-/g)" -j f2b-<name>
 
-actionstop = firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule <family> filter <chain> 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports <port> -j f2b-<name>
+actionstop = firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule <family> filter <chain> 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports "$(echo '<port>' | sed s/:/-/g)" -j f2b-<name>
              firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rules <family> filter f2b-<name>
              firewall-cmd --direct --remove-chain <family> filter f2b-<name>
 

config/action.d/firewallcmd-new.conf

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ before = firewallcmd-common.conf
 
 actionstart = firewall-cmd --direct --add-chain <family> filter f2b-<name>
               firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule <family> filter f2b-<name> 1000 -j RETURN
-              firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule <family> filter <chain> 0 -m state --state NEW -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports <port> -j f2b-<name>
+              firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule <family> filter <chain> 0 -m state --state NEW -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports "$(echo '<port>' | sed s/:/-/g)" -j f2b-<name>
 
-actionstop = firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule <family> filter <chain> 0 -m state --state NEW -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports <port> -j f2b-<name>
+actionstop = firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule <family> filter <chain> 0 -m state --state NEW -p <protocol> -m multiport --dports "$(echo '<port>' | sed s/:/-/g)" -j f2b-<name>
              firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rules <family> filter f2b-<name>
              firewall-cmd --direct --remove-chain <family> filter f2b-<name>
 

config/action.d/firewallcmd-rich-logging.conf

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Fail2Ban configuration file
 #
-# Author: Donald Yandt 
+# Authors: Donald Yandt, Sergey G. Brester
 # 
 # Because of the rich rule commands requires firewalld-0.3.1+
 # This action uses firewalld rich-rules which gives you a cleaner iptables since it stores rules according to zones and not
@@ -10,36 +10,15 @@
 #
 # If you use the --permanent rule you get a xml file in /etc/firewalld/zones/<zone>.xml that can be shared and parsed easliy
 #
-# Example commands to view rules:
+# This is an derivative of firewallcmd-rich-rules.conf, see there for details and other parameters.
-# firewall-cmd [--zone=<zone>] --list-rich-rules
-# firewall-cmd [--zone=<zone>] --list-all
-# firewall-cmd [--zone=zone] --query-rich-rule='rule'
 
 [INCLUDES]
 
-before = firewallcmd-common.conf
+before = firewallcmd-rich-rules.conf
 
 [Definition]
 
-actionstart = 
+rich-suffix = log prefix='f2b-<name>' level='<level>' limit value='<rate>/m' <rich-blocktype>
-
-actionstop = 
-
-actioncheck = 
-
-# you can also use zones and/or service names. 
-#
-# zone example: 
-# firewall-cmd --zone=<zone> --add-rich-rule="rule family='<family>' source address='<ip>' port port='<port>' protocol='<protocol>' log prefix='f2b-<name>' level='<level>' limit value='<rate>/m' <rich-blocktype>"
-#
-# service name example:
-# firewall-cmd --zone=<zone> --add-rich-rule="rule family='<family>' source address='<ip>' service name='<service>' log prefix='f2b-<name>' level='<level>' limit value='<rate>/m' <rich-blocktype>"
-#
-# Because rich rules can only handle single or a range of ports we must split ports and execute the command for each port. Ports can be single and ranges separated by a comma or space for an example: http, https, 22-60, 18 smtp 
-
-actionban = ports="<port>"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule="rule family='<family>' source address='<ip>' port port='$p' protocol='<protocol>' log prefix='f2b-<name>' level='<level>' limit value='<rate>/m' <rich-blocktype>"; done
-	   
-actionunban = ports="<port>"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --remove-rich-rule="rule family='<family>' source address='<ip>' port port='$p' protocol='<protocol>' log prefix='f2b-<name>' level='<level>' limit value='<rate>/m' <rich-blocktype>"; done
 
 [Init]
 
@@ -48,4 +27,3 @@ level = info
 
 # log rate per minute
 rate = 1
-

config/action.d/firewallcmd-rich-rules.conf

@@ -35,8 +35,10 @@ actioncheck =
 #
 # Because rich rules can only handle single or a range of ports we must split ports and execute the command for each port. Ports can be single and ranges separated by a comma or space for an example: http, https, 22-60, 18 smtp 
 
-actionban = ports="<port>"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule="rule family='<family>' source address='<ip>' port port='$p' protocol='<protocol>' <rich-blocktype>"; done
+fwcmd_rich_rule = rule family='<family>' source address='<ip>' port port='$p' protocol='<protocol>' %(rich-suffix)s
+
+actionban = ports="$(echo '<port>' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule="%(fwcmd_rich_rule)s"; done
 	   
-actionunban = ports="<port>"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --remove-rich-rule="rule family='<family>' source address='<ip>' port port='$p' protocol='<protocol>' <rich-blocktype>"; done
+actionunban = ports="$(echo '<port>' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --remove-rich-rule="%(fwcmd_rich_rule)s"; done
-
 
+rich-suffix = <rich-blocktype>

config/filter.d/sendmail-auth.conf

@@ -8,11 +8,14 @@ before = common.conf
 [Definition]
 
 _daemon = (?:sendmail|sm-(?:mta|acceptingconnections))
+# "\w{14,20}" will give support for IDs from 14 up to 20 characters long
 __prefix_line = %(known/__prefix_line)s(?:\w{14,20}: )?
+addr = (?:IPv6:<IP6>|<IP4>)
 
-# "w{14,20}" will give support for IDs from 14 up to 20 characters long
+prefregex = ^<F-MLFID>%(__prefix_line)s</F-MLFID><F-CONTENT>.+</F-CONTENT>$
-failregex = ^%(__prefix_line)s(\S+ )?\[(?:IPv6:<IP6>|<IP4>)\]( \(may be forged\))?: possible SMTP attack: command=AUTH, count=\d+$
 
+failregex = ^(\S+ )?\[%(addr)s\]( \(may be forged\))?: possible SMTP attack: command=AUTH, count=\d+$
+            ^AUTH failure \(LOGIN\):(?: [^:]+:)? authentication failure: checkpass failed, user=<F-USER>(?:\S+|.*?)</F-USER>, relay=(?:\S+ )?\[%(addr)s\](?: \(may be forged\))?$
 ignoreregex =
 
 journalmatch = _SYSTEMD_UNIT=sendmail.service

config/filter.d/sendmail-reject.conf

@@ -21,19 +21,20 @@ before = common.conf
 
 _daemon = (?:(sm-(mta|acceptingconnections)|sendmail))
 __prefix_line = %(known/__prefix_line)s(?:\w{14,20}: )?
+addr = (?:IPv6:<IP6>|<IP4>)
 
 prefregex = ^<F-MLFID>%(__prefix_line)s</F-MLFID><F-CONTENT>.+</F-CONTENT>$
 
-cmnfailre = ^ruleset=check_rcpt, arg1=(?P<email><\S+@\S+>), relay=(\S+ )?\[(?:IPv6:<IP6>|<IP4>)\](?: \(may be forged\))?, reject=(550 5\.7\.1 (?P=email)\.\.\. Relaying denied\. (IP name possibly forged \[(\d+\.){3}\d+\]|Proper authentication required\.|IP name lookup failed \[(\d+\.){3}\d+\])|553 5\.1\.8 (?P=email)\.\.\. Domain of sender address \S+ does not exist|550 5\.[71]\.1 (?P=email)\.\.\. (Rejected: .*|User unknown))$
+cmnfailre = ^ruleset=check_rcpt, arg1=(?P<email><\S+@\S+>), relay=(\S+ )?\[%(addr)s\](?: \(may be forged\))?, reject=(550 5\.7\.1 (?P=email)\.\.\. Relaying denied\. (IP name possibly forged \[(\d+\.){3}\d+\]|Proper authentication required\.|IP name lookup failed \[(\d+\.){3}\d+\])|553 5\.1\.8 (?P=email)\.\.\. Domain of sender address \S+ does not exist|550 5\.[71]\.1 (?P=email)\.\.\. (Rejected: .*|User unknown))$
-            ^ruleset=check_relay, arg1=(?P<dom>\S+), arg2=(?:IPv6:<IP6>|<IP4>), relay=((?P=dom) )?\[(\d+\.){3}\d+\](?: \(may be forged\))?, reject=421 4\.3\.2 (Connection rate limit exceeded\.|Too many open connections\.)$
+            ^ruleset=check_relay, arg1=(?P<dom>\S+), arg2=%(addr)s, relay=((?P=dom) )?\[(\d+\.){3}\d+\](?: \(may be forged\))?, reject=421 4\.3\.2 (Connection rate limit exceeded\.|Too many open connections\.)$
-            ^rejecting commands from (\S* )?\[(?:IPv6:<IP6>|<IP4>)\] due to pre-greeting traffic after \d+ seconds$
+            ^rejecting commands from (\S* )?\[%(addr)s\] due to pre-greeting traffic after \d+ seconds$
-            ^(?:\S+ )?\[(?:IPv6:<IP6>|<IP4>)\]: (?:(?i)expn|vrfy) \S+ \[rejected\]$
+            ^(?:\S+ )?\[%(addr)s\]: (?:(?i)expn|vrfy) \S+ \[rejected\]$
             ^<[^@]+@[^>]+>\.\.\. No such user here$
-            ^<F-NOFAIL>from=<[^@]+@[^>]+></F-NOFAIL>, size=\d+, class=\d+, nrcpts=\d+, bodytype=\w+, proto=E?SMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=\S+ \[(?:IPv6:<IP6>|<IP4>)\]$
+            ^<F-NOFAIL>from=<[^@]+@[^>]+></F-NOFAIL>, size=\d+, class=\d+, nrcpts=\d+, bodytype=\w+, proto=E?SMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=\S+ \[%(addr)s\]$
 
 mdre-normal =
 
-mdre-extra = ^(?:\S+ )?\[(?:IPv6:<IP6>|<IP4>)\](?: \(may be forged\))? did not issue (?:[A-Z]{4}[/ ]?)+during connection to (?:TLS)?M(?:TA|S[PA])(?:-\w+)?$
+mdre-extra = ^(?:\S+ )?\[%(addr)s\](?: \(may be forged\))? did not issue \S+ during connection
 
 mdre-aggressive = %(mdre-extra)s
 

config/jail.conf

@@ -209,16 +209,16 @@ banaction = iptables-multiport
 banaction_allports = iptables-allports
 
 # The simplest action to take: ban only
-action_ = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
+action_ = %(banaction)s[port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
 
 # ban & send an e-mail with whois report to the destemail.
 action_mw = %(action_)s
-            %(mta)s-whois[name=%(__name__)s, sender="%(sender)s", dest="%(destemail)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
+            %(mta)s-whois[sender="%(sender)s", dest="%(destemail)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
 
 # ban & send an e-mail with whois report and relevant log lines
 # to the destemail.
 action_mwl = %(action_)s
-             %(mta)s-whois-lines[name=%(__name__)s, sender="%(sender)s", dest="%(destemail)s", logpath="%(logpath)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
+             %(mta)s-whois-lines[sender="%(sender)s", dest="%(destemail)s", logpath="%(logpath)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
 
 # See the IMPORTANT note in action.d/xarf-login-attack for when to use this action
 #
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ action_xarf = %(action_)s
 # ban IP on CloudFlare & send an e-mail with whois report and relevant log lines
 # to the destemail.
 action_cf_mwl = cloudflare[cfuser="%(cfemail)s", cftoken="%(cfapikey)s"]
-                %(mta)s-whois-lines[name=%(__name__)s, sender="%(sender)s", dest="%(destemail)s", logpath="%(logpath)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
+                %(mta)s-whois-lines[sender="%(sender)s", dest="%(destemail)s", logpath="%(logpath)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
 
 # Report block via blocklist.de fail2ban reporting service API
 # 

fail2ban/client/csocket.py

@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ class CSocket:
 	def send(self, msg, nonblocking=False, timeout=None):
 		# Convert every list member to string
 		obj = dumps(map(CSocket.convert, msg), HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
-		self.__csock.send(obj + CSPROTO.END)
+		self.__csock.send(obj)
+		self.__csock.send(CSPROTO.END)
 		return self.receive(self.__csock, nonblocking, timeout)
 
 	def settimeout(self, timeout):
@@ -81,9 +82,12 @@ class CSocket:
 		msg = CSPROTO.EMPTY
 		if nonblocking: sock.setblocking(0)
 		if timeout: sock.settimeout(timeout)
-		while msg.rfind(CSPROTO.END) == -1:
+		bufsize = 1024
-			chunk = sock.recv(512)
+		while msg.rfind(CSPROTO.END, -32) == -1:
-			if chunk in ('', b''): # python 3.x may return b'' instead of ''
+			chunk = sock.recv(bufsize)
-				raise RuntimeError("socket connection broken")
+			if not len(chunk):
+				raise socket.error(104, 'Connection reset by peer')
+			if chunk == CSPROTO.END: break
 			msg = msg + chunk
+			if bufsize < 32768: bufsize <<= 1
 		return loads(msg)

fail2ban/client/fail2bancmdline.py

@@ -27,13 +27,17 @@ import sys
 
 from ..version import version, normVersion
 from ..protocol import printFormatted
-from ..helpers import getLogger, str2LogLevel, getVerbosityFormat
+from ..helpers import getLogger, str2LogLevel, getVerbosityFormat, BrokenPipeError
 
 # Gets the instance of the logger.
 logSys = getLogger("fail2ban")
 
 def output(s): # pragma: no cover
-	print(s)
+	try:
+		print(s)
+	except (BrokenPipeError, IOError) as e: # pragma: no cover
+		if e.errno != 32: # closed / broken pipe
+			raise
 
 # Config parameters required to start fail2ban which can be also set via command line (overwrite fail2ban.conf),
 CONFIG_PARAMS = ("socket", "pidfile", "logtarget", "loglevel", "syslogsocket")
@@ -310,12 +314,16 @@ class Fail2banCmdLine():
 	def _exit(code=0):
 		# implicit flush without to produce broken pipe error (32):
 		sys.stderr.close()
-		sys.stdout.close()
+		try:
-		# exit:
+			sys.stdout.flush()
-		if hasattr(os, '_exit') and os._exit:
+			# exit:
-			os._exit(code)
+			if hasattr(sys, 'exit') and sys.exit:
-		else:
+				sys.exit(code)
-			sys.exit(code)
+			else:
+				os._exit(code)
+		except (BrokenPipeError, IOError) as e: # pragma: no cover
+			if e.errno != 32: # closed / broken pipe
+				raise
 
 	@staticmethod
 	def exit(code=0):

fail2ban/client/fail2banregex.py

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ Fail2Ban  reads log file that contains password failure report
 and bans the corresponding IP addresses using firewall rules.
 
 This tools can test regular expressions for "fail2ban".
-
 """
 
 __author__ = "Fail2Ban Developers"
@@ -109,19 +108,22 @@ class _f2bOptParser(OptionParser):
 	def format_help(self, *args, **kwargs):
 		""" Overwritten format helper with full ussage."""
 		self.usage = ''
-		return "Usage: " + usage() + __doc__ + """
+		return "Usage: " + usage() + "\n" + __doc__ + """
 LOG:
-    string                  a string representing a log line
+  string                a string representing a log line
-    filename                path to a log file (/var/log/auth.log)
+  filename              path to a log file (/var/log/auth.log)
-    "systemd-journal"       search systemd journal (systemd-python required)
+  systemd-journal       search systemd journal (systemd-python required),
+                        optionally with backend parameters, see `man jail.conf`
+                        for usage and examples (systemd-journal[journalflags=1]).
 
 REGEX:
-    string                  a string representing a 'failregex'
+  string                a string representing a 'failregex'
-    filename                path to a filter file (filter.d/sshd.conf)
+  filter                name of filter, optionally with options (sshd[mode=aggressive])
+  filename              path to a filter file (filter.d/sshd.conf)
 
 IGNOREREGEX:
-    string                  a string representing an 'ignoreregex'
+  string                a string representing an 'ignoreregex'
-    filename                path to a filter file (filter.d/sshd.conf)
+  filename              path to a filter file (filter.d/sshd.conf)
 \n""" + OptionParser.format_help(self, *args, **kwargs) + """\n
 Report bugs to https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban/issues\n
 """ + __copyright__ + "\n"
@@ -252,6 +254,8 @@ class Fail2banRegex(object):
 
 		self.share_config=dict()
 		self._filter = Filter(None)
+		self._prefREMatched = 0
+		self._prefREGroups = list()
 		self._ignoreregex = list()
 		self._failregex = list()
 		self._time_elapsed = None
@@ -292,8 +296,8 @@ class Fail2banRegex(object):
 			self._filter.setDatePattern(pattern)
 			self._datepattern_set = True
 			if pattern is not None:
-				self.output( "Use      datepattern : %s" % (
+				self.output( "Use      datepattern : %s : %s" % (
-					self._filter.getDatePattern()[1], ) )
+					pattern, self._filter.getDatePattern()[1], ) )
 
 	def setMaxLines(self, v):
 		if not self._maxlines_set:
@@ -453,19 +457,33 @@ class Fail2banRegex(object):
 			lines = []
 			ret = []
 			for match in found:
-				# Append True/False flag depending if line was matched by
+				if not self._opts.out:
-				# more than one regex
+					# Append True/False flag depending if line was matched by
-				match.append(len(ret)>1)
+					# more than one regex
-				regex = self._failregex[match[0]]
+					match.append(len(ret)>1)
-				regex.inc()
+					regex = self._failregex[match[0]]
-				regex.appendIP(match)
+					regex.inc()
+					regex.appendIP(match)
 				if not match[3].get('nofail'):
 					ret.append(match)
 				else:
 					is_ignored = True
+			if self._opts.out: # (formated) output - don't need stats:
+				return None, ret, None
+			# prefregex stats:
+			if self._filter.prefRegex:
+				pre = self._filter.prefRegex
+				if pre.hasMatched():
+					self._prefREMatched += 1
+					if self._verbose:
+						if len(self._prefREGroups) < self._maxlines:
+							self._prefREGroups.append(pre.getGroups())
+						else:
+							if len(self._prefREGroups) == self._maxlines:
+								self._prefREGroups.append('...')
 		except RegexException as e: # pragma: no cover
 			output( 'ERROR: %s' % e )
-			return False
+			return None, 0, None
 		if self._filter.getMaxLines() > 1:
 			for bufLine in orgLineBuffer[int(fullBuffer):]:
 				if bufLine not in self._filter._Filter__lineBuffer:
@@ -651,7 +669,18 @@ class Fail2banRegex(object):
 			pprint_list(out, " #) [# of hits] regular expression")
 			return total
 
-		# Print title
+		# Print prefregex:
+		if self._filter.prefRegex:
+			#self._filter.prefRegex.hasMatched()
+			pre = self._filter.prefRegex 
+			out = [pre.getRegex()]
+			if self._verbose:
+				for grp in self._prefREGroups:
+					out.append("    %s" % (grp,))
+			output( "\n%s: %d total" % ("Prefregex", self._prefREMatched) )
+			pprint_list(out)
+
+		# Print regex's:
 		total = print_failregexes("Failregex", self._failregex)
 		_ = print_failregexes("Ignoreregex", self._ignoreregex)
 

fail2ban/helpers.py

@@ -224,9 +224,10 @@ def __stopOnIOError(logSys=None, logHndlr=None): # pragma: no cover
 		sys.exit(0)
 
 try:
-    BrokenPipeError
+	BrokenPipeError = BrokenPipeError
 except NameError: # pragma: 3.x no cover
-    BrokenPipeError = IOError
+	BrokenPipeError = IOError
+
 __origLog = logging.Logger._log
 def __safeLog(self, level, msg, args, **kwargs):
 	"""Safe log inject to avoid possible errors by unsafe log-handlers, 
@@ -373,7 +374,7 @@ OPTION_EXTRACT_CRE = re.compile(
 	r'([\w\-_\.]+)=(?:"([^"]*)"|\'([^\']*)\'|([^,\]]*))(?:,|\]\s*\[|$)', re.DOTALL)
 # split by new-line considering possible new-lines within options [...]:
 OPTION_SPLIT_CRE = re.compile(
-	r'(?:[^\[\n]+(?:\s*\[\s*(?:[\w\-_\.]+=(?:"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'|[^,\]]*)\s*(?:,|\]\s*\[)?\s*)*\])?\s*|[^\n]+)(?=\n\s*|$)', re.DOTALL)
+	r'(?:[^\[\s]+(?:\s*\[\s*(?:[\w\-_\.]+=(?:"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'|[^,\]]*)\s*(?:,|\]\s*\[)?\s*)*\])?\s*|\S+)(?=\n\s*|\s+|$)', re.DOTALL)
 
 def extractOptions(option):
 	match = OPTION_CRE.match(option)

fail2ban/server/actions.py

@@ -707,13 +707,19 @@ class Actions(JailThread, Mapping):
 		"""Status of current and total ban counts and current banned IP list.
 		"""
 		# TODO: Allow this list to be printed as 'status' output
-		supported_flavors = ["basic", "cymru"]
+		supported_flavors = ["short", "basic", "cymru"]
 		if flavor is None or flavor not in supported_flavors:
 			logSys.warning("Unsupported extended jail status flavor %r. Supported: %s" % (flavor, supported_flavors))
 		# Always print this information (basic)
-		ret = [("Currently banned", self.__banManager.size()),
+		if flavor != "short":
-			   ("Total banned", self.__banManager.getBanTotal()),
+			banned = self.__banManager.getBanList()
-			   ("Banned IP list", self.__banManager.getBanList())]
+			cnt = len(banned)
+		else:
+			cnt = self.__banManager.size()
+		ret = [("Currently banned", cnt),
+			   ("Total banned", self.__banManager.getBanTotal())]
+		if flavor != "short":
+			ret += [("Banned IP list", banned)]
 		if flavor == "cymru":
 			cymru_info = self.__banManager.getBanListExtendedCymruInfo()
 			ret += \

fail2ban/server/banmanager.py

@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ class BanManager:
 	# @param value the time
 	
 	def setBanTime(self, value):
-		with self.__lock:
 			self.__banTime = int(value)
 	
 	##
@@ -76,7 +75,6 @@ class BanManager:
 	# @return the time
 	
 	def getBanTime(self):
-		with self.__lock:
 			return self.__banTime
 	
 	##
@@ -85,7 +83,6 @@ class BanManager:
 	# @param value total number
 	
 	def setBanTotal(self, value):
-		with self.__lock:
 			self.__banTotal = value
 	
 	##
@@ -94,7 +91,6 @@ class BanManager:
 	# @return the total number
 	
 	def getBanTotal(self):
-		with self.__lock:
 			return self.__banTotal
 
 	##
@@ -103,21 +99,21 @@ class BanManager:
 	# @return IP list
 	
 	def getBanList(self, ordered=False, withTime=False):
+		if not ordered:
+			return list(self.__banList.keys())
 		with self.__lock:
-			if not ordered:
-				return list(self.__banList.keys())
 			lst = []
 			for ticket in self.__banList.itervalues():
 				eob = ticket.getEndOfBanTime(self.__banTime)
 				lst.append((ticket,eob))
-			lst.sort(key=lambda t: t[1])
+		lst.sort(key=lambda t: t[1])
-			t2s = MyTime.time2str
+		t2s = MyTime.time2str
-			if withTime:
+		if withTime:
-				return ['%s \t%s + %d = %s' % (
+			return ['%s \t%s + %d = %s' % (
-						t[0].getID(), 
+					t[0].getID(), 
-						t2s(t[0].getTime()), t[0].getBanTime(self.__banTime), t2s(t[1])
+					t2s(t[0].getTime()), t[0].getBanTime(self.__banTime), t2s(t[1])
-					) for t in lst]
+				) for t in lst]
-			return [t[0].getID() for t in lst]
+		return [t[0].getID() for t in lst]
 
 	##
 	# Returns a iterator to ban list (used in reload, so idle).
@@ -125,8 +121,7 @@ class BanManager:
 	# @return ban list iterator
 	
 	def __iter__(self):
-		# ensure iterator is safe (traverse over the list in snapshot created within lock):
+		# ensure iterator is safe - traverse over the list in snapshot created within lock (GIL):
-		with self.__lock:
 			return iter(list(self.__banList.values()))
 
 	##

fail2ban/server/failmanager.py

@@ -47,12 +47,10 @@ class FailManager:
 		self.__bgSvc = BgService()
 	
 	def setFailTotal(self, value):
-		with self.__lock:
+		self.__failTotal = value
-			self.__failTotal = value
 		
 	def getFailTotal(self):
-		with self.__lock:
+		return self.__failTotal
-			return self.__failTotal
 	
 	def getFailCount(self):
 		# may be slow on large list of failures, should be used for test purposes only...
@@ -126,8 +124,7 @@ class FailManager:
 		return attempts
 	
 	def size(self):
-		with self.__lock:
+		return len(self.__failList)
-			return len(self.__failList)
 	
 	def cleanup(self, time):
 		with self.__lock:

fail2ban/server/transmitter.py

@@ -277,7 +277,8 @@ class Transmitter:
 			value = command[2]
 			self.__server.setPrefRegex(name, value)
 			if self.__quiet: return
-			return self.__server.getPrefRegex(name)
+			v = self.__server.getPrefRegex(name)
+			return v.getRegex() if v else ""
 		elif command[1] == "addfailregex":
 			value = command[2]
 			self.__server.addFailRegex(name, value, multiple=multiple)
@@ -452,7 +453,8 @@ class Transmitter:
 		elif command[1] == "ignorecache":
 			return self.__server.getIgnoreCache(name)
 		elif command[1] == "prefregex":
-			return self.__server.getPrefRegex(name)
+			v = self.__server.getPrefRegex(name)
+			return v.getRegex() if v else ""
 		elif command[1] == "failregex":
 			return self.__server.getFailRegex(name)
 		elif command[1] == "ignoreregex":

fail2ban/tests/actionstestcase.py

@@ -96,6 +96,8 @@ class ExecuteActions(LogCaptureTestCase):
 		self.assertLogged("stdout: %r" % 'ip flush', "stdout: %r" % 'ip stop')
 		self.assertEqual(self.__actions.status(),[("Currently banned", 0 ),
                ("Total banned", 0 ), ("Banned IP list", [] )])
+		self.assertEqual(self.__actions.status('short'),[("Currently banned", 0 ),
+               ("Total banned", 0 )])
 
 	def testAddActionPython(self):
 		self.__actions.add(

fail2ban/tests/clientreadertestcase.py

@@ -264,6 +264,17 @@ class JailReaderTest(LogCaptureTestCase):
 	def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
 		super(JailReaderTest, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
+	def testSplitWithOptions(self):
+		# covering all separators - new-line and spaces:
+		for sep in ('\n', '\t', ' '):
+			self.assertEqual(splitWithOptions('a%sb' % (sep,)),           ['a',           'b'])
+			self.assertEqual(splitWithOptions('a[x=y]%sb' % (sep,)),      ['a[x=y]',      'b'])
+			self.assertEqual(splitWithOptions('a[x=y][z=z]%sb' % (sep,)), ['a[x=y][z=z]', 'b'])
+			self.assertEqual(splitWithOptions('a[x="y][z"]%sb' % (sep,)), ['a[x="y][z"]', 'b'])
+			self.assertEqual(splitWithOptions('a[x="y z"]%sb' % (sep,)),  ['a[x="y z"]',  'b'])
+			self.assertEqual(splitWithOptions('a[x="y\tz"]%sb' % (sep,)), ['a[x="y\tz"]', 'b'])
+			self.assertEqual(splitWithOptions('a[x="y\nz"]%sb' % (sep,)), ['a[x="y\nz"]', 'b'])
+
 	def testIncorrectJail(self):
 		jail = JailReader('XXXABSENTXXX', basedir=CONFIG_DIR, share_config=CONFIG_DIR_SHARE_CFG)
 		self.assertRaises(ValueError, jail.read)

fail2ban/tests/fail2banclienttestcase.py

@@ -888,7 +888,7 @@ class Fail2banServerTest(Fail2banClientServerBase):
 				"action = ",
 				"         test-action2[name='%(__name__)s', restore='restored: <restored>', info=', err-code: <F-ERRCODE>']" \
 					if 2 in actions else "",
-				"         test-action2[name='%(__name__)s', actname=test-action3, _exec_once=1, restore='restored: <restored>']"
+				"         test-action2[name='%(__name__)s', actname=test-action3, _exec_once=1, restore='restored: <restored>',"
 										" actionflush=<_use_flush_>]" \
 					if 3 in actions else "",
 				"logpath = " + test2log,

fail2ban/tests/files/logs/sendmail-auth

@@ -17,3 +17,8 @@ Feb 24 14:00:00 server sendmail[26592]: u0CB32qX026592: [192.0.2.1]: possible SM
 
 # failJSON: { "time": "2005-02-24T14:00:01", "match": true , "host": "192.0.2.2", "desc": "long PID, ID longer as 14 chars (gh-2563)" }
 Feb 24 14:00:01 server sendmail[3529566]: xA32R2PQ3529566: [192.0.2.2]: possible SMTP attack: command=AUTH, count=5
+
+# failJSON: { "time": "2005-02-25T04:02:27", "match": true , "host": "192.0.2.3", "desc": "sendmail 8.16.1, AUTH_FAIL_LOG_USER (gh-2757)" }
+Feb 25 04:02:27 relay1 sendmail[16664]: 06I02CNi016764: AUTH failure (LOGIN): authentication failure (-13) SASL(-13): authentication failure: checkpass failed, user=user@example.com, relay=example.com [192.0.2.3] (may be forged)
+# failJSON: { "time": "2005-02-25T04:02:28", "match": true , "host": "192.0.2.4", "desc": "injection attempt on user name" }
+Feb 25 04:02:28 relay1 sendmail[16665]: 06I02CNi016765: AUTH failure (LOGIN): authentication failure (-13) SASL(-13): authentication failure: checkpass failed, user=criminal, relay=[192.0.2.100], relay=[192.0.2.4] (may be forged)

fail2ban/tests/files/logs/sendmail-reject

@@ -103,3 +103,7 @@ Mar 29 22:51:42 kismet sm-mta[24202]: x2TMpAlI024202: internettl.org [104.152.52
 
 # failJSON: { "time": "2005-03-29T22:51:43", "match": true , "host": "192.0.2.2", "desc": "long PID, ID longer as 14 chars (gh-2563)" }
 Mar 29 22:51:43 server sendmail[3529565]: xA32R2PQ3529565: [192.0.2.2] did not issue MAIL/EXPN/VRFY/ETRN during connection to MTA
+# failJSON: { "time": "2005-03-29T22:51:45", "match": true , "host": "192.0.2.3", "desc": "sendmail 8.15.2 default names IPv4/6 (gh-2787)" }
+Mar 29 22:51:45 server sm-mta[50437]: 06QDQnNf050437: example.com [192.0.2.3] did not issue MAIL/EXPN/VRFY/ETRN during connection to IPv4
+# failJSON: { "time": "2005-03-29T22:51:46", "match": true , "host": "2001:DB8::1", "desc": "IPv6" }
+Mar 29 22:51:46 server sm-mta[50438]: 06QDQnNf050438: example.com [IPv6:2001:DB8::1] did not issue MAIL/EXPN/VRFY/ETRN during connection to IPv6

fail2ban/tests/servertestcase.py

@@ -557,6 +557,9 @@ class Transmitter(TransmitterBase):
 			jail=self.jailName)
 		self.setGetTest("ignorecache", '', None, jail=self.jailName)
 
+	def testJailPrefRegex(self):
+		self.setGetTest("prefregex", "^Test", jail=self.jailName)
+
 	def testJailRegex(self):
 		self.jailAddDelRegexTest("failregex",
 			[
@@ -1842,18 +1845,18 @@ class ServerConfigReaderTests(LogCaptureTestCase):
 				'ip4-start': (
 					"`firewall-cmd --direct --add-chain ipv4 filter f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
 					"`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp 1000 -j RETURN`",
-					"`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter INPUT_direct 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p tcp -m multiport --dports http,https -j f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
+					"""`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter INPUT_direct 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p tcp -m multiport --dports "$(echo 'http,https' | sed s/:/-/g)" -j f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`""",
 				), 
 				'ip6-start': (
 					"`firewall-cmd --direct --add-chain ipv6 filter f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
 					"`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp 1000 -j RETURN`",
-					"`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter INPUT_direct 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p tcp -m multiport --dports http,https -j f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
+					"""`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter INPUT_direct 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p tcp -m multiport --dports "$(echo 'http,https' | sed s/:/-/g)" -j f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`""",
 				),
 				'stop': (
-					"`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule ipv4 filter INPUT_direct 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p tcp -m multiport --dports http,https -j f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
+					"""`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule ipv4 filter INPUT_direct 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p tcp -m multiport --dports "$(echo 'http,https' | sed s/:/-/g)" -j f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`""",
 					"`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rules ipv4 filter f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
 					"`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-chain ipv4 filter f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
-					"`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule ipv6 filter INPUT_direct 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p tcp -m multiport --dports http,https -j f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
+					"""`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule ipv6 filter INPUT_direct 0 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -p tcp -m multiport --dports "$(echo 'http,https' | sed s/:/-/g)" -j f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`""",
 					"`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rules ipv6 filter f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
 					"`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-chain ipv6 filter f2b-j-w-fwcmd-mp`",
 				),
@@ -1921,21 +1924,21 @@ class ServerConfigReaderTests(LogCaptureTestCase):
 				'ip4': (' f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset ',), 'ip6': (' f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset6 ',),
 				'ip4-start': (
 					"`ipset create f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset hash:ip timeout 0 `",
-					"`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter INPUT_direct 0 -p tcp -m multiport --dports http -m set --match-set f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset src -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable`",
+					"""`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter INPUT_direct 0 -p tcp -m multiport --dports "$(echo 'http' | sed s/:/-/g)" -m set --match-set f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset src -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable`""",
 				), 
 				'ip6-start': (
 					"`ipset create f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset6 hash:ip timeout 0 family inet6`",
-					"`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter INPUT_direct 0 -p tcp -m multiport --dports http -m set --match-set f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset6 src -j REJECT --reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable`",
+					"""`firewall-cmd --direct --add-rule ipv6 filter INPUT_direct 0 -p tcp -m multiport --dports "$(echo 'http' | sed s/:/-/g)" -m set --match-set f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset6 src -j REJECT --reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable`""",
 				),
 				'flush': (
 					"`ipset flush f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset`",
 					"`ipset flush f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset6`",
 				),
 				'stop': (
-					"`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule ipv4 filter INPUT_direct 0 -p tcp -m multiport --dports http -m set --match-set f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset src -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable`",
+					"""`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule ipv4 filter INPUT_direct 0 -p tcp -m multiport --dports "$(echo 'http' | sed s/:/-/g)" -m set --match-set f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset src -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable`""",
 					"`ipset flush f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset`",
 					"`ipset destroy f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset`",
-					"`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule ipv6 filter INPUT_direct 0 -p tcp -m multiport --dports http -m set --match-set f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset6 src -j REJECT --reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable`",
+					"""`firewall-cmd --direct --remove-rule ipv6 filter INPUT_direct 0 -p tcp -m multiport --dports "$(echo 'http' | sed s/:/-/g)" -m set --match-set f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset6 src -j REJECT --reject-with icmp6-port-unreachable`""",
 					"`ipset flush f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset6`",
 					"`ipset destroy f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset6`",
 				),
@@ -1988,6 +1991,38 @@ class ServerConfigReaderTests(LogCaptureTestCase):
 					r"`ipset del f2b-j-w-fwcmd-ipset-ap6 2001:db8:: -exist`",
 				),					
 			}),
+			# firewallcmd-rich-rules --
+			('j-fwcmd-rr', 'firewallcmd-rich-rules[port="22:24", protocol="tcp"]', {
+				'ip4': ("family='ipv4'", "icmp-port-unreachable",), 'ip6': ("family='ipv6'", 'icmp6-port-unreachable',),
+				'ip4-ban': (
+					"""`ports="$(echo '22:24' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule="rule family='ipv4' source address='192.0.2.1' port port='$p' protocol='tcp' reject type='icmp-port-unreachable'"; done`""",
+				),
+				'ip4-unban': (
+					"""`ports="$(echo '22:24' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --remove-rich-rule="rule family='ipv4' source address='192.0.2.1' port port='$p' protocol='tcp' reject type='icmp-port-unreachable'"; done`""",
+				),
+				'ip6-ban': (
+					""" `ports="$(echo '22:24' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule="rule family='ipv6' source address='2001:db8::' port port='$p' protocol='tcp' reject type='icmp6-port-unreachable'"; done`""",
+				),
+				'ip6-unban': (
+					"""`ports="$(echo '22:24' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --remove-rich-rule="rule family='ipv6' source address='2001:db8::' port port='$p' protocol='tcp' reject type='icmp6-port-unreachable'"; done`""",
+				),					
+			}),
+			# firewallcmd-rich-logging --
+			('j-fwcmd-rl', 'firewallcmd-rich-logging[port="22:24", protocol="tcp"]', {
+				'ip4': ("family='ipv4'", "icmp-port-unreachable",), 'ip6': ("family='ipv6'", 'icmp6-port-unreachable',),
+				'ip4-ban': (
+					"""`ports="$(echo '22:24' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule="rule family='ipv4' source address='192.0.2.1' port port='$p' protocol='tcp' log prefix='f2b-j-fwcmd-rl' level='info' limit value='1/m' reject type='icmp-port-unreachable'"; done`""",
+				),
+				'ip4-unban': (
+					"""`ports="$(echo '22:24' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --remove-rich-rule="rule family='ipv4' source address='192.0.2.1' port port='$p' protocol='tcp' log prefix='f2b-j-fwcmd-rl' level='info' limit value='1/m' reject type='icmp-port-unreachable'"; done`""",
+				),
+				'ip6-ban': (
+					""" `ports="$(echo '22:24' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule="rule family='ipv6' source address='2001:db8::' port port='$p' protocol='tcp' log prefix='f2b-j-fwcmd-rl' level='info' limit value='1/m' reject type='icmp6-port-unreachable'"; done`""",
+				),
+				'ip6-unban': (
+					"""`ports="$(echo '22:24' | sed s/:/-/g)"; for p in $(echo $ports | tr ", " " "); do firewall-cmd --remove-rich-rule="rule family='ipv6' source address='2001:db8::' port port='$p' protocol='tcp' log prefix='f2b-j-fwcmd-rl' level='info' limit value='1/m' reject type='icmp6-port-unreachable'"; done`""",
+				),					
+			}),
 		)
 		server = TestServer()
 		transm = server._Server__transm

fail2ban/tests/sockettestcase.py

@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ class Socket(LogCaptureTestCase):
 		org_handler = RequestHandler.found_terminator
 		try:
 			RequestHandler.found_terminator = lambda self: self.close()
-			self.assertRaisesRegexp(RuntimeError, r"socket connection broken", 
+			self.assertRaisesRegexp(Exception, r"reset by peer|Broken pipe",
 				lambda: client.send(testMessage, timeout=unittest.F2B.maxWaitTime(10)))
 		finally:
 			RequestHandler.found_terminator = org_handler
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ class Socket(LogCaptureTestCase):
 		org_handler = RequestHandler.found_terminator
 		try:
 			RequestHandler.found_terminator = lambda self: TestMsgError()
-			#self.assertRaisesRegexp(RuntimeError, r"socket connection broken", client.send, testMessage)
+			#self.assertRaisesRegexp(Exception, r"reset by peer|Broken pipe", client.send, testMessage)
 			self.assertEqual(client.send(testMessage), 'ERROR: test unpickle error')
 		finally:
 			RequestHandler.found_terminator = org_handler

man/fail2ban-regex.1

@@ -18,13 +18,18 @@ a string representing a log line
 filename
 path to a log file (\fI\,/var/log/auth.log\/\fP)
 .TP
-"systemd\-journal"
+systemd\-journal
-search systemd journal (systemd\-python required)
+search systemd journal (systemd\-python required),
+optionally with backend parameters, see `man jail.conf`
+for usage and examples (systemd\-journal[journalflags=1]).
 .SS "REGEX:"
 .TP
 string
 a string representing a 'failregex'
 .TP
+filter
+name of filter, optionally with options (sshd[mode=aggressive])
+.TP
 filename
 path to a filter file (filter.d/sshd.conf)
 .SS "IGNOREREGEX:"

man/jail.conf.5

@@ -298,7 +298,14 @@ requires Gamin (a file alteration monitor) to be installed. If Gamin is not inst
 uses a polling algorithm which does not require external libraries.
 .TP
 .B systemd
-uses systemd python library to access the systemd journal. Specifying \fBlogpath\fR is not valid for this backend and instead utilises \fBjournalmatch\fR from the jails associated filter config.
+uses systemd python library to access the systemd journal. Specifying \fBlogpath\fR is not valid for this backend and instead utilises \fBjournalmatch\fR from the jails associated filter config. Multiple systemd-specific flags can be passed to the backend, including \fBjournalpath\fR and \fBjournalfiles\fR, to explicitly set the path to a directory or set of files. \fBjournalflags\fR, which by default is 4 and excludes user session files, can be set to include them with \fBjournalflags=1\fR, see the python-systemd documentation for other settings and further details. Examples:
+.PP
+.RS
+.nf
+backend = systemd[journalpath=/run/log/journal/machine-1]
+backend = systemd[journalfiles="/path/to/system.journal, /path/to/user.journal"]
+backend = systemd[journalflags=1]
+.fi
 
 .SS Actions
 Each jail can be configured with only a single filter, but may have multiple actions. By default, the name of a action is the action filename, and in the case of Python actions, the ".py" file extension is stripped. Where multiple of the same action are to be used, the \fBactname\fR option can be assigned to the action to avoid duplication e.g.: