From 3117db29354b3b2ccbaed503eed518b1ae89bfb3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: hc-github-team-consul-core Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2023 10:53:39 -0800 Subject: [PATCH] Backport of Troubleshoot service to service comms into release/1.15.x (#16395) * backport of commit e8466bf47933e1292a770a66add5683243d7b264 * backport of commit f919a6e77b8f5f6ba964e671873a82c2dad9a903 * backport of commit e5527649ae2c2c6b663dbcc813c69744609fb680 * backport of commit 5c40ba5360dfcb27b501da44a7c075968f0a4eb2 * backport of commit 51b6f5009f7408e13162f8a9444fd98b8bbac21d * backport of commit 00ec4e5ff3b1b18ab23ef0beedb4cbdfcada22b8 * backport of commit 1405edeff9d303ac22bbc8f59c8812da9920297f * backport of commit 42e93d59f68926c64b4f23f77e6c4585ca6d799e * backport of commit f867d2edabc26f71f338d6fbb95e85f1cc341a86 * backport of commit 948227199879c9451f248e8acfd504a4899092a6 --------- Co-authored-by: boruszak Co-authored-by: Jeff Boruszak <104028618+boruszak@users.noreply.github.com> --- website/content/api-docs/operator/usage.mdx | 4 + .../content/commands/troubleshoot/index.mdx | 2 +- .../content/commands/troubleshoot/proxy.mdx | 2 +- .../commands/troubleshoot/upstreams.mdx | 2 +- .../troubleshoot/troubleshoot-services.mdx | 150 ++++++++++++++++++ website/data/docs-nav-data.json | 4 + 6 files changed, 161 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) create mode 100644 website/content/docs/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-services.mdx diff --git a/website/content/api-docs/operator/usage.mdx b/website/content/api-docs/operator/usage.mdx index 73d9adbb7b..ae1e9d87cc 100644 --- a/website/content/api-docs/operator/usage.mdx +++ b/website/content/api-docs/operator/usage.mdx @@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ $ curl \ + ```json { "Usage": { @@ -75,9 +76,11 @@ $ curl \ "ResultsFilteredByACLs": false } ``` + + ```json { "Usage": { @@ -129,6 +132,7 @@ $ curl \ "ResultsFilteredByACLs": false } ``` + diff --git a/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/index.mdx b/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/index.mdx index 521981a77e..0c992aab15 100644 --- a/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/index.mdx +++ b/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/index.mdx @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ description: >- Command: `consul troubleshoot` -Use the `troubleshoot` command to diagnose Consul service mesh configuration or network issues. +Use the `troubleshoot` command to diagnose Consul service mesh configuration or network issues. For additional information about using the `troubleshoot` command, including explanations, requirements, usage instructions, refer to the [service-to-service troubleshooting overview](/consul/docs/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-services). ## Usage diff --git a/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/proxy.mdx b/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/proxy.mdx index 6c93581b15..d9749c0c25 100644 --- a/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/proxy.mdx +++ b/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/proxy.mdx @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ description: >- Command: `consul troubleshoot proxy` -The `troubleshoot proxy` command diagnoses Consul service mesh configuration and network issues to an upstream. +The `troubleshoot proxy` command diagnoses Consul service mesh configuration and network issues to an upstream. For additional information about using the `troubleshoot proxy` command, including explanations, requirements, usage instructions, refer to the [service-to-service troubleshooting overview](/consul/docs/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-services). ## Usage diff --git a/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/upstreams.mdx b/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/upstreams.mdx index 752bb0463c..425ec39e46 100644 --- a/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/upstreams.mdx +++ b/website/content/commands/troubleshoot/upstreams.mdx @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ description: >- Command: `consul troubleshoot upstreams` -The `troubleshoot upstreams` lists the available upstreams in the Consul service mesh from the current service. +The `troubleshoot upstreams` lists the available upstreams in the Consul service mesh from the current service. For additional information about using the `troubleshoot upstreams` command, including explanations, requirements, usage instructions, refer to the [service-to-service troubleshooting overview](/consul/docs/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-services). ## Usage diff --git a/website/content/docs/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-services.mdx b/website/content/docs/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-services.mdx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3451d2e506 --- /dev/null +++ b/website/content/docs/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-services.mdx @@ -0,0 +1,150 @@ +--- +layout: docs +page_title: Service-to-service troubleshooting overview +description: >- + Consul includes a built-in tool for troubleshooting communication between services in a service mesh. Learn how to use the `consul troubleshoot` command to validate communication between upstream and downstream Envoy proxies on VM and Kubernetes deployments. +--- + +# Service-to-service troubleshooting overview + +This topic provides an overview of Consul’s built-in service-to-service troubleshooting capabilities. When communication between an upstream service and a downstream service in a service mesh fails, you can run the `consul troubleshoot` command to initiate a series of automated validation tests. + +For more information, refer to the [`consul troubleshoot` CLI documentation](/consul/commands/troubleshoot) or the [`consul-k8s troubleshoot` CLI reference](/consul/docs/k8s/k8s-cli#troubleshoot). + +## Introduction + +When communication between upstream and downstream services in a service mesh fails, you can diagnose the cause manually with one or more of Consul’s built-in features, including [health check queries](/consul/docs/discovery/checks), [the UI topology view](/consul/docs/connect/observability/ui-visualization), and [agent telemetry metrics](/consul/docs/agent/telemetry#metrics-reference). + +The `consul troubleshoot` command performs several checks in sequence that enable you to discover issues that impede service-to-service communication. The process systematically queries the [Envoy administration interface API](https://www.envoyproxy.io/docs/envoy/latest/operations/admin) and the Consul API to determine the cause of the communication failure. + +The troubleshooting command validates service-to-service communication by checking for the following common issues: + +- Upstream service does not exist +- One or both hosts are unhealthy +- A filter affects the upstream service +- The CA has expired mTLS certificates +- The services have expired mTLS certificates + +Consul outputs the results of these validation checks to the terminal along with suggested actions to resolve the service communication failure. When it detects rejected configurations or connection failures, Consul also outputs Envoy metrics for services. + +### Envoy proxies in a service mesh + +Consul validates communication in a service mesh by checking the Envoy proxies that are deployed as sidecars for the upstream and downstream services. As a result, troubleshooting requires that [Consul’s service mesh features are enabled](/consul/docs/connect/configuration). + +For more information about using Envoy proxies with Consul, refer to [Envoy proxy configuration for service mesh](/consul/docs/connect/proxies/envoy). + +## Requirements + +- Consul v1.15 or later. +- For Kubernetes, the `consul-k8s` CLI must be installed. + +### Technical constraints + +When troubleshooting service-to-service communication issues, be aware of the following constraints: + +- The troubleshooting tool does not check service intentions. For more information about intentions, including precedence and match order, refer to [service mesh intentions](/consul/docs/connect/intentions). +- The troubleshooting tool validates one direct connection between a downstream service and an upstream service. You must run the `consul troubleshoot` command with the Envoy ID for an individual upstream service. It does support validating multiple connections simultaneously. +- The troubleshooting tool only validates Envoy configurations for sidecar proxies. As a result, the troubleshooting tool does not validate Envoy configurations on upstream proxies such as mesh gateways and terminating gateways. + +## Usage + +Using the service-to-service troubleshooting tool is a two-step process: + +1. Find the identifier for the upstream service. +1. Use the upstream’s identifier to validate communication. + +In deployments without transparent proxies, the identifier is the _Envoy ID for the upstream service’s sidecar proxy_. If you use transparent proxies, the identifier is the _upstream service’s IP address_. For more information about using transparent proxies, refer to [Enable transparent proxy mode](/consul/docs/connect/transparent-proxy). + +### Troubleshoot on VMs + +To troubleshoot service-to-service communication issues in deployments that use VMs or bare-metal servers: + +1. Run the `consul troubleshoot upstreams` command to retrieve the upstream information for the service that is experiencing communication failures. Depending on your network’s configuration, the upstream information is either an Envoy ID or an IP address. + + ```shell-session + $ consul troubleshoot upstreams + ==> Upstreams (explicit upstreams only) (0) + ==> Upstreams IPs (transparent proxy only) (1) + [10.4.6.160 240.0.0.3] true map[backend.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul backend2.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul] + If you cannot find the upstream address or cluster for a transparent proxy upstream: + - Check intentions: Tproxy upstreams are configured based on intentions. Make sure you have configured intentions to allow traffic to your upstream. + - To check that the right cluster is being dialed, run a DNS lookup for the upstream you are dialing. For example, run `dig backend.svc.consul` to return the IP address for the `backend` service. If the address you get from that is missing from the upstream IPs, it means that your proxy may be misconfigured. + ``` + +1. Run the `consul troubleshoot proxy` command and specify the Envoy ID or IP address with the `-upstream-ip` flag to identify the proxy you want to perform the troubleshooting process on. The following example uses the upstream IP to validate communication with the upstream service `backend`: + + ```shell-session + $ consul troubleshoot proxy -upstream-ip 10.4.6.160 + ==> Validation + ✓ Certificates are valid + ✓ Envoy has 0 rejected configurations + ✓ Envoy has detected 0 connection failure(s) + ✓ Listener for upstream "backend" found + ✓ Route for upstream "backend" found + ✓ Cluster "backend.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + ✓ Healthy endpoints for cluster "backend.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + ✓ Cluster "backend2.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + ! No healthy endpoints for cluster "backend2.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + -> Check that your upstream service is healthy and running + -> Check that your upstream service is registered with Consul + -> Check that the upstream proxy is healthy and running + -> If you are explicitly configuring upstreams, ensure the name of the upstream is correct + ``` + +In the example output, troubleshooting upstream communication reveals that the `backend` service has two service instances running in datacenter `dc1`. One of the services is healthy, but Consul cannot detect healthy endpoints for the second service instance. This information appears in the following lines of the example: + +```text hideClipboard + ✓ Cluster "backend.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + ✓ Healthy endpoints for cluster "backend.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + ✓ Cluster "backend2.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + ! No healthy endpoints for cluster "backend2.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found +``` + +The output from the troubleshooting process identifies service instances according to their [Consul DNS address](/consul/docs/discovery/dns#standard-lookup). Use the DNS information for failing services to diagnose the specific issues affecting the service instance. + +For more information, refer to the [`consul troubleshoot` CLI documentation](/consul/commands/troubleshoot). + +### Troubleshoot on Kubernetes + +To troubleshoot service-to-service communication issues in deployments that use Kubernetes, retrieve the upstream information for the pod that is experiencing communication failures and use the upstream information to identify the proxy you want to perform the troubleshooting process on. + +1. Run the `consul-k8s troubleshoot upstreams` command and specify the pod ID with the `-pod` flag to retrieve upstream information. Depending on your network’s configuration, the upstream information is either an Envoy ID or an IP address. The following example displays all transparent proxy upstreams in Consul service mesh from the given pod. + + ```shell-session + $ consul-k8s troubleshoot upstreams -pod frontend-767ccfc8f9-6f6gx + ==> Upstreams (explicit upstreams only) (0) + ==> Upstreams IPs (transparent proxy only) (1) + [10.4.6.160 240.0.0.3] true map[backend.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul backend2.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul] + If you cannot find the upstream address or cluster for a transparent proxy upstream: + - Check intentions: Tproxy upstreams are configured based on intentions. Make sure you have configured intentions to allow traffic to your upstream. + - To check that the right cluster is being dialed, run a DNS lookup for the upstream you are dialing. For example, run `dig backend.svc.consul` to return the IP address for the `backend` service. If the address you get from that is missing from the upstream IPs, it means that your proxy may be misconfigured. + ``` + +1. Run the `consul-k8s troubleshoot proxy` command and specify the pod ID and upstream IP address to identify the proxy you want to troubleshoot. The following example uses the upstream IP to validate communication with the upstream service `backend`: + + ```shell-session + $ consul-k8s troubleshoot proxy -pod frontend-767ccfc8f9-6f6gx -upstream-ip 10.4.6.160 + ==> Validation + ✓ certificates are valid + ✓ Envoy has 0 rejected configurations + ✓ Envoy has detected 0 connection failure(s) + ✓ listener for upstream "backend" found + ✓ route for upstream "backend" found + ✓ cluster "backend.default.dc1.internal..consul" for upstream "backend" found + ✓ healthy endpoints for cluster "backend.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + ✓ cluster "backend2.default.dc1.internal..consul" for upstream "backend" found + ! no healthy endpoints for cluster "backend2.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + ``` + +In the example output, troubleshooting upstream communication reveals that the `backend` service has two clusters in datacenter `dc1`. One of the clusters returns healthy endpoints, but Consul cannot detect healthy endpoints for the second cluster. This information appears in the following lines of the example: + + ```text hideClipboard + ✓ cluster "backend.default.dc1.internal..consul" for upstream "backend" found + ✓ healthy endpoints for cluster "backend.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found + ✓ cluster "backend2.default.dc1.internal..consul" for upstream "backend" found + ! no healthy endpoints for cluster "backend2.default.dc1.internal.e08fa6d6-e91e-dfe0-f6e1-ba097a828e31.consul" for upstream "backend" found +``` + +The output from the troubleshooting process identifies service instances according to their [Consul DNS address](/consul/docs/k8s/dns). Use the DNS information for failing services to diagnose the specific issues affecting the service instance. + +For more information, refer to the [`consul-k8s troubleshoot` CLI reference](/consul/docs/k8s/k8s-cli#troubleshoot). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/website/data/docs-nav-data.json b/website/data/docs-nav-data.json index d5daac6b29..219ec663b6 100644 --- a/website/data/docs-nav-data.json +++ b/website/data/docs-nav-data.json @@ -807,6 +807,10 @@ { "title": "Troubleshoot", "routes": [ + { + "title": "Service-to-Service Troubleshooting", + "path": "troubleshoot/troubleshoot-services" + }, { "title": "Common Error Messages", "path": "troubleshoot/common-errors"